Control of Hepatitis in Dialysis Units

Marmion, B. P.; Tonkin, R. W.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a070919

Cited by 69 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…11 % of all patients in these centers had HBsAg and 31% had HBsAb. Other studies reported 16.8% [11], 9.2% [12] and 6.2% [13] positive HBsAg respectively. Most of those cases 1 Supported by grants from the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research and World Health Organization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The published work done so far on dialysis patients either dealt with epidemiologic studies on HBV infection [10,12,14], or with humoral and cellular immunity in this population [I, 9, 15]. The present survey attempts to de termine the prevalence of HBV infection in 5 dialysis cen ters in the Beirut metropolitan area and the relationship between the immune status of these patients and the out come of the HBV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunologic Patterns in Hemodialysis Patients with and without HBV Infection

Samra¹,

Mudawwar²,

Shehadeh³

et al. 1983

Nephron

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66 patients from 5 dialysis centers were surveyed for the prevalence of HBV markers. Their immune status was evaluated by studying parameters of cellular and humoral immunity. Results showed that all patients had depressed T cell numbers while B cell counts, IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and C₃ levels were normal. However, the group of patients who had persistent HBs antigenemia also had persistence of HBeAg, negative responsiveness to skin testing and high IgE levels. The group with HBsAb had negative reactions for skin testing, and the group with no HBV markers had no further abnormalities. These results suggest that the presence and type of HBV marker influences the immune pattern in the hemodialyzed patient.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic Patterns in Hemodialysis Patients with and without HBV Infection

Samra¹,

Mudawwar²,

Shehadeh³

et al. 1983

Nephron

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“…A national survey [45] conducted in US during 1967 to 1968 reported that 41% of HD centers had at least one case of hepatitis among their patients, including seven deaths. Between 1967 and 1971, the European Dialysis and Transplantation Association reported annual incidence rates for HBV infection of 5-10% in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis [46]. It was clear that the most blatant form of HBV transmission was through blood products contaminated with the virus.…”

Section: Hbv Epidemiology In Dialysis: Historical Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Dialysis Patients

Fabrizi¹,

Martin²

2000

Am J Nephrol

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“…produce alpha rather than beta haemolysis on human blood agar. It has been suggested that human blood may contain antibodies and anti-microbial agents which may also inhibit growth or cause false haemolysis [5]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Blood Agar from Different Animal Blood on Growth Rates and Morphology of Common Pathogenic Bacteria

Egwuatu¹,

Ogunsola²,

Okodugha³

et al. 2014

AiM

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Sheep and horse blood are the most commonly used blood for the isolation of microorganisms from human tissue and fluids. However, in many developing countries such as Nigeria, expired human blood from blood banks is still used despite the risk of exposure to HIV and other blood-borne infections, because it is easy to obtain. Blood agar made from blood of rams (similar to sheep), cows, chickens and goats, which are very common in Nigeria, were therefore evaluated. The isolation rates, colony size and morphology as well as haemolytic characteristics of common hospital pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus spp, were tested on blood agar prepared from the different animal blood types. All reactions were observed at 24 hrs and 48 hrs respectively. Good growth was achieved by all isolates on rabbit, sheep and chicken blood agar though the best growth was achieved on ram blood agar but there was no significant variation in their morphology. There were differences in their abilities to distinguish haemolytic patterns. Beta Haemolytic Streptococci remained the same on all the blood agar, but the haemolysis of Staphylococci aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa varied on different media while haemolysis was least consistent on chicken and cow blood agar. Ram blood agar gave the best reactions in terms of good growth rates of organisms, good morphological characterization as well as good haemolytic reactions. Besides, it is easily available and large quantities of blood can be obtained. Despite the good qualities of ram blood agar observed in this study, however, there is a need for it to be tested further for its ability to support more fastidious organisms.

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Control of Hepatitis in Dialysis Units

Cited by 69 publications

References 0 publications

Immunologic Patterns in Hemodialysis Patients with and without HBV Infection

Immunologic Patterns in Hemodialysis Patients with and without HBV Infection

Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Dialysis Patients

Effect of Blood Agar from Different Animal Blood on Growth Rates and Morphology of Common Pathogenic Bacteria

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