Control of grain size by G protein signaling in rice

Xu, Ran; Li, Na; Li, Yunhai

doi:10.1111/jipb.12769

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…4) brings out its role in alpha amylase-mediated grain development. This is also consistent with the literature on the role of G-protein signaling in regulating grain size in rice 80 . Over-expression of a homeobox domain containing protein (LOC_Os03g10210) has been shown to reduce the plant height and panicle development 81 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit (RGA1) regulates tiller development, yield, cell wall, nitrogen response and biotic stress in rice

Pathak

Mandal

Jangam

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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G-proteins are implicated in plant productivity, but their genome-wide roles in regulating agronomically important traits remain uncharacterized. Transcriptomic analyses of rice G-protein alpha subunit mutant (rga1) revealed 2270 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) including those involved in C/N and lipid metabolism, cell wall, hormones and stress. Many DEGs were associated with root, leaf, culm, inflorescence, panicle, grain yield and heading date. The mutant performed better in total weight of filled grains, ratio of filled to unfilled grains and tillers per plant. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis using experimentally validated interactors revealed many RGA1-responsive genes involved in tiller development. qPCR validated the differential expression of genes involved in strigolactone-mediated tiller formation and grain development. Further, the mutant growth and biomass were unaffected by submergence indicating its role in submergence response. Transcription factor network analysis revealed the importance of RGA1 in nitrogen signaling with DEGs such as Nin-like, WRKY, NAC, bHLH families, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, OsCIPK23 and urea transporter. Sub-clustering of DEGs-associated PPI network revealed that RGA1 regulates metabolism, stress and gene regulation among others. Predicted rice G-protein networks mapped DEGs and revealed potential effectors. Thus, this study expands the roles of RGA1 to agronomically important traits and reveals their underlying processes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit (RGA1) regulates tiller development, yield, cell wall, nitrogen response and biotic stress in rice

Pathak

Mandal

Jangam

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Grain size and shape in rice are complex genetic traits, controlled by a large number of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A number of regulatory genes have been identified through QTL mapping, including GW2, GS 3, BG1 , GW8, GW7 and GW5 (Zuo and Li ; Sun et al ; Li et al ; Xu et al ). For example, GW2 encodes an ortholog of Arabidopsis DA2 and controls seed size, via the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GW5‐Like, a homolog of GW5, negatively regulates grain width, weight and salt resistance in rice

Tian

Liu

Mou

et al. 2019

JIPB

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Grain size is an important determinant of yield potential in crops. We previously demonstrated that natural mutations in the regulatory sequences of qSW5/GW5 confer grain width diversity in rice. However, the biological function of a GW5 homolog, named GW5‐Like (GW5L), remains unknown. In this study, we report on GW5L knockout mutants in Kitaake, a japonica cultivar (cv.) considered to have a weak gw5 variant allele that confers shorter and wider grains. GW5L is evenly expressed in various tissues, and its protein product is localized to the plasma membrane. Biochemical assays verified that GW5L functions in a similar fashion to GW5. It positively regulates brassinosteroid (BR) signaling through repression of the phosphorylation activity of GSK2. Genetic data show that GW5L overexpression in either Kitaake or a GW5 knockout line, Kasaorf3 (indica cv. Kasalath background), causes more slender, longer grains relative to the wild‐type. We also show that GW5L could confer salt stress resistance through an association with calmodulin protein OsCaM1‐1. These findings identify GW5L as a negative regulator of both grain size and salt stress tolerance, and provide a potential target for breeders to improve grain yield and salt stress resistance in rice.

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“…Genetic and molecular analyses have identified numerous quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genes involved in multiple signaling pathways that regulate grain size. For example, G-protein signaling positively regulates grain length through the concerted actions of RGA1, RGB1, GS3, and DEP1 (Ashikari et al 1999 ; Fan et al 2006 ; Huang et al 2009 ; Mao et al 2010 ; Xu et al 2019 ). The ubiquitin mediated protein degradation pathway (Chen et al 2013 ; Huang et al 2017 ; Song et al 2007 ), the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway (Wang et al 2019 ), and several hormone signaling pathways (Shirley et al 2019 ; Xiao et al 2019 ) also affect grain size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cyclophilin OsCYP20–2 Interacts with OsSYF2 to Regulate Grain Length by Pre-mRNA Splicing

Tang

Luo

et al. 2020

Rice

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Background Grain size is one of the key agronomic traits that impact grain yield. Several regulatory pathways had been reported to participate in grain size determination via cell expansion or proliferation in rice. However, little is known about cyclophilin and spliceosome participation in grain shape regulation. Results Here, we identified OsCYP20–2, a cyclophilin that influences spliceosome assembly to determine grain length. oscyp20–2 t1, a knock out mutant of OsCYP20–2 caused by T-DNA insertion, produced shorter grains with deficient cell elongation. Through yeast two-hybrid screening and pull-down assays, OsSYF2, a pre-mRNA splicing factor, was identified as an interacting protein of OsCYP20–2. The phenotypes of transgenic lines indicated that OsSYF2 positively regulates grain length via its influence on cell expansion. Transcriptomic analysis showed that OsSYF2 controls the expression and pre-mRNA alternative splicing of genes involved in sugar metabolism. In addition, these two genes have similar effects on panicle architecture. Conclusions Taken together, OsSYF2, an interacting protein of OsCYP20–2, controls grain length and panicle architecture by regulating the alternative splicing of pre-mRNA involved in cell elongation and sugar metabolism.

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Control of grain size by G protein signaling in rice

Cited by 28 publications

References 68 publications

Heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit (RGA1) regulates tiller development, yield, cell wall, nitrogen response and biotic stress in rice

Heterotrimeric G-protein α subunit (RGA1) regulates tiller development, yield, cell wall, nitrogen response and biotic stress in rice

GW5‐Like, a homolog of GW5, negatively regulates grain width, weight and salt resistance in rice

A Cyclophilin OsCYP20–2 Interacts with OsSYF2 to Regulate Grain Length by Pre-mRNA Splicing

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