“…The hypothesis that an increase in vegetation competition will suppress the emergence of invading seedlings has been proven at Mt Barker in the case of gorse, and supports the findings of a number of other researchers. Bell (1961) and Ivens (1979) showed that vigorous pasture growth suppressed gorse establishment, and that if sheep grazing was added, gorse control was almost complete. Hartley & Phung (1979) compared gorse seedling survival amongst different grasses, and found survival was lowest in browntop and highest in perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), with Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus) having an intermediate effect.…”