Control of foaming in hydrogen sulfide/water mixtures

Spagnolo, D. A.; Chuang, Karl T.

doi:10.1002/cjce.5450630407

Can J Chem Eng

1985

DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450630407

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Control of foaming in hydrogen sulfide/water mixtures

D. A. Spagnolo

Karl T. Chuang

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide/water mixtures are frequently encountered in the petrochemical and heavy water industries. Such mixtures exhibit an inherent foaminess when operating close to the liquefaction pressure of H2S. This can cause severe problems in fluid handling equipment.Some nonionic surfactants are effective antifoams for these mixtures. The antifoam action is due to surfactant micelle formation which is enhanced by the presence of H2S through a "salting out" mechanism. The pressure at which a particular surfac… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

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Heat transfer modelling of sieve trays

et al. 1988

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A heat transfer model that accounts for both gas and liquid phase resistance was developed for sieve trays where the overall heat transfer coefficient is expressed as a function of Sauter‐mean bubble diameter. These diameters, obtained from pilot plant data, were correlated and used to predict point efficiencies on production plant trays. Applying the appropriate liquid flow distribution model allows the prediction of overall tray efficiencies. Predicted temperature profiles have agreed well with measured plant profiles and tray changes at the production plant have resulted in steam savings that were adequately predicted by the model.

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Heat transfer modelling of sieve trays

et al. 1988

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Mechanistic understanding of the modes of action of foam control agents

Denkov

Marinova

Tcholakova

2014

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science

118

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Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues, and organs

Cirino

Szabó

Papapetropoulos

2023

Physiological Reviews

185

142

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H2S belongs to the class of molecules known as gasotransmitters, which also includes nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). Three enzymes are recognized as endogenous sources of H2S in various cells and tissues: cystathionine g-lyase (CSE), cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST). The current article reviews the regulation of these enzymes as well as the pathways of their enzymatic and non-enzymatic degradation and elimination. The multiple interactions of H2S with other labile endogenous molecules (e.g. NO) and reactive oxygen species are also outlined. The various biological targets and signaling pathways are discussed, with special reference to H2S and oxidative posttranscriptional modification of proteins, the effect of H2S on channels and intracellular second messenger pathways, the regulation of gene transcription and translation and the regulation of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. The pharmacological and molecular tools currently available to study H2S physiology are also reviewed, including their utility and limitations. In subsequent sections, the role of H2S in the regulation of various physiological and cellular functions is reviewed. The physiological role of H2S in various cell types and organ systems are overviewed. Finally, the role of H2S in the regulation of various organ functions is discussed as well as the characteristic bell-shaped biphasic effects of H2S. In addition, key pathophysiological aspects, debated areas, and future research and translational areas are identified A wide array of significant roles of H2S in the physiological regulation of all organ functions emerges from this review.

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Control of foaming in hydrogen sulfide/water mixtures

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

Heat transfer modelling of sieve trays

Heat transfer modelling of sieve trays

Mechanistic understanding of the modes of action of foam control agents

Physiological roles of hydrogen sulfide in mammalian cells, tissues, and organs

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