Control of Florida Betony (Stachys floridana Shuttlew.) Emerging From Tubers

Abstract

Derby (metolachlor + simazine), Pennant (metolachlor), and Princep (simazine) were tested at two sites to determine if they would provide control of Florida betony (Stachys floridana Shuttlew.) similar to Barricade (prodiamine). These herbicides were applied twice to containerized Florida betony grown from tubers—a preemergent application in September, 1992 and a postemergent application in November, 1992. Only Barricade (prodiamine) provided 14 weeks of good to excellent control at both sites. Pennant (metolachlor) at 5.4 kg ai/ha (4.8 lb ai/A) provided control equivalent to Barricade (prodiamine) 6 weeks after the initial application at one site and poorer but acceptable control at the other site. Derby (metolachlor + simazine) and Pennant (metolachlor) tended to reduce number of shoots and/or percent coverage compared to an untreated control but generally provided poor control. Princep (simazine) was ineffective.

Influence of photoperiod and temperature on vegetative growth and development of Florida betony (Stachys floridana)

“…Recommendations for landscape beds and noncrop areas have included repeat applications of nonselective herbicides, such as glyphosate, glufosinate, or dichlobenil, which can be ineffective in well-established stands (Howe and Neal 2000;Murphy 1991). Prodiamine has been used in horticultural systems (Noricini et al 1995;Stamps 1992), and repeat applications of atrazine or a tank-mix treatment of 2,4-D, mecoprop, and dicamba have been evaluated in bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) turf.…”

Controlling Florida Betony (Stachys floridana) with Herbicides

“…Selective control of Florida betony in ornamentals, however, still remains a challenge, as none of these herbicides are labeled for ornamental use. Prodiamine and simazine have the potential to suppress Florida betony (Norcini et al 1995;Stamps 1992), and only dichlobenil has a label for selective control of Florida betony in a few established woody ornamentals. The only other herbicide evaluated in these studies that is currently labeled for ornamental plant use that could provide good control of Florida betony is glyphosate.…”

“…Florida betony spreads by seed, rhizomes, and tubers. Nonchemical control methods including hand weeding, cultivation, and landscape fabrics can help suppress the proliferation of Florida betony (Czarnota and Murphy 2006;Norcini et al 1995). Directed sprays of glyphosate can provide nonselective control of Florida betony, and it has been reported that atrazine, dichlobenil, prodiamine, and simazine applied POST will control Florida betony in turf and landscape situations (Czarnota and Murphy 2006;Norcini et al 1995;Stamps 1992).…”

“…Nonchemical control methods including hand weeding, cultivation, and landscape fabrics can help suppress the proliferation of Florida betony (Czarnota and Murphy 2006;Norcini et al 1995). Directed sprays of glyphosate can provide nonselective control of Florida betony, and it has been reported that atrazine, dichlobenil, prodiamine, and simazine applied POST will control Florida betony in turf and landscape situations (Czarnota and Murphy 2006;Norcini et al 1995;Stamps 1992). Over the past decade, several herbicides have been introduced in the turf and ornamental market, including the sulfonylurea herbicides foramsulfuron, metsulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron; the pyridine herbicides clopyralid and fluroxypyr; the protoporphyrin oxygenase herbicide carfentrazone; and a herbicide combination of carfentrazone, 2,4-D, mecoprop, and dicamba.…”

Biology and Management of Florida Betony (Stachys floridana) in Ornamental Plants in Landscape Planting Beds

“…Because Florida betony primarily spreads via tubers and rhizomes, preemergence herbicides are usually not effective. However, previous research has shown that prodiamine (Barricade®) and metolachlor (Pennant Magnum®) can provide suppression and reduce Florida betony growth (Norcini et al 1995;Stamps 1992). In many cases, postemergence herbicides will be needed.…”