Control of estrus and ovulation: Fertility to timed insemination of gilts and sows

Rensis, F. De; Kirkwood, R. N.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.04.089

Cited by 52 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Group 1 (LUT, n = 62) was given an IM injection with 600 IU of eCG (Pregnecol ® , Vetoquinol, Lavaltrie, QC, Canada) 24 h after the last dose of altrenogest plus 5 mg of pLH (Lutropin ® , Vetoquinol, Lavaltrie, QC, Canada) 80 h after eCG. Dosages of Pregnecol ® and Lutropin ® were based on previous studies [4,10,11]. Group 2 (TRI, n = 61) received a 2 mL intravaginal dose of triptorelin acetate (OvuGel ® , 100 µg triptorelin per mL, Elanco, Guelph, ON, Canada) 6 d after the last dose of altrenogest.…”

Section: Pigs and Treatment Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Producers may be able to control the timing of estrus and ovulation through synchronization protocols, allowing for the implementation of a single fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) program. These programs have been shown to be successful in sows [4,5], but there are few studies that have evaluated FTAI in gilts [4,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Puberty can be induced by providing daily boar exposure and this can be enhanced by using a combination of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) given as a single intramuscular (IM) injection to pre-pubertal gilts (PG600 ® ) [7,8]. Gilts that are cycling can be synchronized by providing a daily oral dose of a progesterone-like product, altrenogest, for at least 14 d. When the altrenogest treatment is withdrawn, gilts will be in estrus within 4 to 9 d [4,9]. In mature sows, an injection of eCG at weaning followed 3 d later with an injection of porcine luteinizing hormone (pLH) can be used to induce ovulation within 35 to 40 h and, therefore, may possibly be used in an FTAI program for gilts [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparison of Single, Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination in Gilts Using Two Different Protocols to Synchronize Ovulation

Rodrigues

Amezcua

Cassar

et al. 2020

Animals

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In order to efficiently have a consistent supply of service-ready gilts available to incorporate into each batch of breeding sows, it is necessary to manipulate the timing of estrus and possibly the timing of ovulation of gilts. Estrus can be synchronized by the withdrawal of altrenogest after at least 14 days of treatment. It is possible that protocols developed to induce ovulation, and therefore allow fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI), can improve the predictability of gilt breeding. This study investigated the effect of two FTAI protocols in gilts on reproductive performance and timing of farrowing and piglet weaning weight compared to gilts bred based on signs of estrus after cessation of altrenogest. Puberty was induced in gilts, followed by treatment with altrenogest. Following altrenogest withdrawal, 180 gilts were assigned to one of three treatment groups. Group 1 gilts (LUT, n = 62) were treated with 600 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin 24 h after altrenogest withdrawal and 5 mg porcine luteinizing hormone (pLH) 80 h later, followed by a single FTAI 36 h after pLH. Group 2 gilts (TRI, n= 61) received 2 mL of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist, triptorelin acetate, intravaginally 6 d after altrenogest withdrawal and were bred by a single FTAI 24 h later. Group 3 gilts (CON, n = 57) were observed for estrus and bred twice by AI, 24 h apart. LUT and TRI gilts farrowed closer together (2.4 ± 1.6 and 2.9 ± 1.2 d(days), respectively) compared to CON gilts (4.5 ± 3.3 d). Piglets in LUT were 80 g (p < 0.001) heavier and piglets in TRI were 64 g (p < 0.05) heavier at weaning than CON piglets, when controlling for birth weight. Results indicate that FTAI might be useful as a means of minimizing the time from the first to the last gilt farrowing in a breeding batch of gilts. However, modifications of the protocols may be required to ensure optimum farrowing rates and litter size.

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Section: Pigs and Treatment Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of Single, Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination in Gilts Using Two Different Protocols to Synchronize Ovulation

Rodrigues

Amezcua

Cassar

et al. 2020

Animals

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“…The summer is usually characterized as the season of infertility in swine industry. It is accompanied by anestrus or low expression and abnormal duration of estrus, prolonged or abnormal weaning to estrus intervals, high return to estrus rates, low pregnancy and farrowing rates, smaller litter sizes and lower boar fertilizing ability (Peltoniemi et al, 1999;De Rensis and Kirkwood, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seasonal infertility period on boar sperm proteins and quality characteristics

Michos

Tsakmakidis

Tsantarliotou

et al. 2020

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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Swine seasonal infertility reduces the productivity and profitability of a pig farm. The main causes of this condition are elevated environmental temperatures and long photoperiod during the summer season. The aim of this study was to investigate which sperm proteins and parameters are affected during the period of seasonal infertility. Depending on the environmental temperatures, the period from October to June was considered as cold and the period from July to September as warm season. A total of 65 ejaculates from 18 boars were collected over a year. Each semen sample was evaluated for kinetics (Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer), morphology (Sperm Blue stain), viability (Propidium Iodide - Calcein AM stain), mitochondrial membrane potential (Rhodamine 123 – Propidium Iodide stain), membrane integrity and functionality (Hypo-osmotic swelling test) and sperm DNA integrity (Acridine Orange Test). Moreover, selected proteins (HSP90, GPX5, OPN) were detected and quantified. The kinetic parameters VSL, LIN and the midpiece abnormalities were significantly higher in the warm compared to the cold season (p<0.05), while a strong tendency towards higher values for HSP90 and GPX5 was observed in warm compared to cold season (p=0.07and p=0.06, respectively). In conclusion, among the boar sperm characteristics tested in our study, seasonal infertility period negatively affected VSL and LIN kinetics, while GPX5 seminal plasma enzyme and HSP90 sperm surface protein increased their sperm protective effects.

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“…Hormonal control of ovary functionality is widely used by swine industry (De Rensis & Kirkwood, ). Altrenogest, a synthetic progestin, inhibits follicular development, and therefore, it is mostly used to group oestrus, mainly in gilts and primiparous sows (Kraeling & Webel, ; van Leeuwen et al., ), in which it also improves reproductive performance (Boyer & Almond, ; van Leeuwen et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altrenogest treatment before weaning improves litter size in sows

Lopes

Bolarín²,

Martínez

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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Contents The study aimed to assess whether altrenogest treatment, fed before weaning (from −8 to −2 days), could improve fertility of sows showing reproductive seasonality. Ninety sows (50 in winter–spring [WS] and 40 in summer–autumn [SA]) were randomly selected and assigned to control (C; 27 in WS and 20 in SA) or altrenogest treatment (A; 23 in WS and 20 in SA) groups. The diameter and number of ovarian follicles were transrectally scanned at the onset of oestrus. Oestrus was evaluated twice daily from weaning to day 8 post‐weaning. Sows in oestrus were post‐cervically inseminated at 0 and 24 hr after the onset of oestrus with liquid stored semen (1.5 × 109 sperm/doses), and farrowing rates (FR) and total piglets born (LS) were recorded. More (p < .01) sows showed no signs of oestrus within 8 days after weaning in SA (30%) than in WS (2%), without differences between A and C groups. The diameter (cm) of the follicles at the onset of oestrus was larger in A than in C sows (0.76 ± 0.01 vs 0.73 ± 0.01; p < .01), irrespective of the season. No differences in the number of follicles were found. FR did not differ between seasons and groups, being always above 85%. LS was larger (p < .01) in A (14.00 ± 0.46) than C (12.27 ± 0.44) sows, irrespective of the season. In conclusion, a short‐term altrenogest treatment at the end of lactation improves the total number of piglets born from weaned sows, probably by promoting a better and more homogeneous follicular development at the start of oestrus.

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Control of estrus and ovulation: Fertility to timed insemination of gilts and sows

Cited by 52 publications

References 47 publications

Comparison of Single, Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination in Gilts Using Two Different Protocols to Synchronize Ovulation

Comparison of Single, Fixed-Time Artificial Insemination in Gilts Using Two Different Protocols to Synchronize Ovulation

Effect of seasonal infertility period on boar sperm proteins and quality characteristics

Altrenogest treatment before weaning improves litter size in sows

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