Control of endoparasites in horses with a gel containing moxidectin and praziquantel

Holm-Martin, Merete; Levot, G. W.; Dawson, K. L.

doi:10.1136/vr.156.26.835

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The first evidence of resistance of cyathostomins to macrocyclic lactones would be a significant decrease in the ERP (Sangster 1999). However, the ERP in this herd was similar to the ERP of horses treated with moxidectin in early studies of the efficacy of this anthelmintic (Demeulenaere and others 1997, Boersema and others 1998, Holm‐Martin and others 2005), indicating that there was no evidence of resistance to moxidectin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Efficacy of moxidectin against cyathostomins after long‐term use in a large herd of draught horses with a high stocking density

Schumacher¹,

Livesey²,

DeGraves

et al. 2009

Veterinary Record

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This study was undertaken to determine whether resistance to moxidectin had developed in a large herd of draught horses, maintained on a small acreage, which had been routinely treated with moxidectin for five years. Faeces were collected for egg counts immediately before moxidectin gel was administered orally, and seven, 30, 60 and 90 days later. The faecal egg counts were significantly reduced at seven and 30 days after treatment, but were not significantly different from pretreatment counts at 60 and 90 days after treatment. There was no evidence of resistance having developed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Efficacy of moxidectin against cyathostomins after long‐term use in a large herd of draught horses with a high stocking density

Schumacher¹,

Livesey²,

DeGraves

et al. 2009

Veterinary Record

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“…Conversely, moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg) currently has efficacy against all stages of cyathostomins and thus limits reinfection with these parasites. For instance, moxidectin (0.4 mg/kg; oral) gel has been found effective to reduce strongyle eggs to below 100 EPG (FECR ≥ 90%) for at least 12 weeks following administration, despite continuous reinfection in horses from the pasture [15]. Furthermore, moxidectin was found effective in reducing strongyle (cyathostomins, Gyalocephalus spp., Triodontophorus spp.)…”

Section: Control Of Gins In Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, climatic differences among regions within Australia might also have an effect on parasite epidemiology. GIN control in horses is traditionally based on regular anthelmintic administration to horses at intervals determined by egg reappearance periods which are likely affected by climatic conditions [15–18]. However, the majority of equine owners/managers in Australia usually follow a regular treatment interval of 6–8 weeks without any estimation of faecal egg counts (FECs) or consideration of seasonal variation [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic review of gastrointestinal nematodes of horses from Australia

et al. 2019

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Background Equine gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) have been the subject of intermittent studies in Australia over the past few decades. However, comprehensive information on the epidemiology of equine GINs, the efficacy of available anthelmintic drugs and the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance (AR) in Australasia is lacking. Herein, we have systematically reviewed existing knowledge on the horse GINs recorded in Australia, and main aspects of their pathogeneses, epidemiology, diagnoses, treatment and control. Methods Six electronic databases were searched for publications on GINs of Australian horses that met our inclusion criteria for the systematic review. Subsets of publications were subjected to review epidemiology, diagnoses, pathogeneses, treatment and control of GINs of horses from Australia. Results A total of 51 articles published between 1950 to 2018 were included. The main GINs reported in Australian horses were cyathostomins (at least 28 species), Draschia megastoma , Habronema muscae , H. majus , Oxyuris equi , Parascaris equorum , Strongyloides westeri and Trichostrongylus axei across different climatic regions of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, and Western Australia. Nematodes are diagnosed based on the traditional McMaster egg counting technique, though molecular markers to characterise common GINs of equines were characterised in 1990s. The use of anthelmintic drugs remains the most widely-used strategy for controlling equine GIN parasites in Australia; however, the threshold of faecal egg count that should trigger treatment in horses, remains controversial. Furthermore, anthelmintic resistance within GIN population of horses is becoming a common problem in Australia. Conclusions Although GINs infecting Australian horses have been the subject of occasional studies over the past few decades, the effective control of GIN infections is hampered by a generalised lack of knowledge in various disciplines of equine parasitology. Therefore, coordinated and focused research is required to fill our knowledge gaps in these areas to maximise equine health and minimise economic losses associated with the parasitic infections in Australia. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3445-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…The combination of PRZ and macrocyclic lactones is a typical example of such approaches (Holm-Martin et al 2005;Marley et al 2004;Rehbein et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthelmintic efficacies of a tablet formula of ivermectin–praziquantel on horses experimentally infected with three Strongylus species

et al. 2009

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In this blinded randomized and controlled study, the anthelmintic efficacy of a tablet formula of ivermectin-praziquantel was evaluated in horses experimentally infected with three species of Strongylus larvae. Eighteen previously dewormed horses were inoculated on study day 0 with third-stage larvae of Strongylus vulgaris, Strongylus equinus, and Strongylus edentatus. The horses were randomly allocated to three groups (n = 6): test-drug (tablet formula), positive-control (reference gel), and negative-control (placebo tablet). On day 56, the horses were treated once with the respective drugs. On day 95, the horses were sacrificed, and necropsy examinations were performed to assess the status of the parasite burden (L4 and immature L5) and pathological lesions on selected organs and tissues. By the criteria of worm counts, the test-drug and positive-control showed, respectively, 100% and 97.3% anthelmintic efficacies on S. vulgaris, 100% and 81.4% on S. equinus, and equally 100% on S. edentatus. However, the efficacies on S. equinus and S. edentatus should be taken only as face values considering their respective low worm counts in the placebo group. The S. vulgaris-induced arterial lesions were also reduced in the test-drug and positive-control groups with efficacies of 73.9% and 62.9%, respectively. No adverse reactions were observed with either of the drugs. Our data demonstrate that the Equimax tablet formula was as safe and efficacious as the gel formula anthelmintic on large strongyles in horses.

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Control of endoparasites in horses with a gel containing moxidectin and praziquantel

Cited by 10 publications

References 12 publications

Efficacy of moxidectin against cyathostomins after long‐term use in a large herd of draught horses with a high stocking density

Efficacy of moxidectin against cyathostomins after long‐term use in a large herd of draught horses with a high stocking density

Systematic review of gastrointestinal nematodes of horses from Australia

Anthelmintic efficacies of a tablet formula of ivermectin–praziquantel on horses experimentally infected with three Strongylus species

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