Control of disinfection and halogenated disinfection byproducts by the electrochemical process

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate some aspects of the performance of electrochemical process as an alternative disinfection strategy, while minimising DBPs, for water purification. The study of electrochemical processes has shown free chlorine to be produced, but smaller amounts of stronger oxidants, such as ozone, hydrogen peroxide and OH radicals (*OH), were also generated. The formation of mixed oxidants increased with increasing electric conductivity, but was limited at conductivities greater than 0.6 mS/cm. Using several microorganisms, such as E. coli and MS2 bacteriophage, inactivation kinetic studies were performed. With the exception of free chlorine, the role of mixed oxidants, especially OH radicals, was investigated for enhancement of the inactivation rate. Additionally, the formation and reduction of DBPs was studied by monitoring the concentration of haloacetic acids (HAAs) during the process.

Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater Treatment: State of the Art

“…However, Jung et al (2007) opted for an electrochemical process. They used grid-shaped Pt/Ti electrochemical cells in the cathode and the anode.…”

Evaluation of the photoelectrocatalytic method for oxidizing chloride and simultaneous removal of microcystin toxins in surface waters

“…Despite the problems caused due to the production of by-products [15], this process of using chlorine as a water disinfections process remains the primary treatment method of destroying pathogens and thereby is used to provide public health protection [8]. Since chloride ions are naturally present in superficial waters at levels of 250 mg L −1 , the electrochemical oxidation of chlorides in waters has been a very successful method of generating chlorine [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The method has the advantage of "in situ" active chlorine generation without the addition of chemical precursors, thereby avoiding problems associated with stocking, transportation and handling of hazardous chemical materials.…”

A Study on Brine Resource Utilization in Desalination Plants

“…When they are applied in desalination processes, the major waste output is concentrated brine. The concentrated brine generated from desalination is usually discarded into the surrounding sea, resulting in a negative impact to the marine environment and endangering native marine life and ecosystems [5][6][7]. Over-disposal can even cause a rapid salinity increase in specific sea areas, resulting in dead seas.…”