Control of Differentiation in Volvox

Starr, Richard C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-395534-0.50009-1

Cited by 98 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In regA (somatic regenerator) mutants, somatic cells form normally after embryogenesis, but then redifferentiate into gonidia; they withdraw their flagella, grow, and subsequently divide into new embryos (Starr 1970;Huskey and Griffin 1979). regA is a nuclear protein that is related to transcriptional repressors and expressed in somatic cells and required to maintain their fate Stark et al 2001).…”

Section: Multicellular Innovations In the Volvocine Lineage Are Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Algae and the Origins of Multicellularity in the Plant Kingdom

Umen

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

119

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The green lineage of chlorophyte algae and streptophytes form a large and diverse clade with multiple independent transitions to produce multicellular and/or macroscopically complex organization. In this review, I focus on two of the best-studied multicellular groups of green algae: charophytes and volvocines. Charophyte algae are the closest relatives of land plants and encompass the transition from unicellularity to simple multicellularity. Many of the innovations present in land plants have their roots in the cell and developmental biology of charophyte algae. Volvocine algae evolved an independent route to multicellularity that is captured by a graded series of increasing cell-type specialization and developmental complexity. The study of volvocine algae has provided unprecedented insights into the innovations required to achieve multicellularity.

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Section: Multicellular Innovations In the Volvocine Lineage Are Modifmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Algae and the Origins of Multicellularity in the Plant Kingdom

Umen

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

119

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“…The inducer is active at about lo-l6 M (Starr, 1970;Gilles et ab, 1934). If SG 70 synthesis is indeed one of the events causing the reproductive cell to commence sexual development, then synthesis of this sulfated glycoprotein should show the same exquisite sensitivity of response to the pheromone as the overall process of sexual induction.…”

Section: Pheromone-inducedmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The ECM sheath shows considerable structural organization in that it exhibits clearly visible boundaries toward the interior (I) of the spheroid as well as honeycomb-like structures around each somatic cell. Sixteen gonidia are positioned in a highly regular pattern in the posterior two-thirds of the spheroid (Starr, 1970;Sumper, 19'79;Gilles and Jaenicke, 1982). The cell-free inner space (I) of the spheroid is filled with highly viscous polysaccharide-rich material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early event of sexual induction in Volvox: Chemical modification of the extracellular matrix

Wenzl

Sumper

1986

Developmental Biology

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“…It is composed of only two cell types: 2000 to 4000 biflagellate Chlamydomonas-like somatic cells are arranged in a monolayer at the surface of a hollow sphere (Starr, 1969(Starr, , 1970, and 16 much larger reproductive cells ("gonidia") lie just below the somatic cell sheet. Volvox cells are surrounded and held together by a glycoprotein-rich ECM (for review, see Kirk et al, 1986;Sumper and Hallmann, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pheromone is a glycoprotein that triggers the development of males and females at a concentration Ͻ 10 Ϫ 16 M (Starr, 1970;Starr and Jaenicke, 1974;Tschochner et al, 1987;Mages et al, 1988). In particular, the synthesis of some members of the pherophorin family of ECM proteins Sumper 1986b, 1987;Sumper et al, 1993;Godl et al, 1995Godl et al, , 1997 is induced strongly by the pheromone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for Autocatalytic Cross-Linking of Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins during Extracellular Matrix Assembly in Volvox

et al. 2002

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The alga Volvox carteri is one of the simplest multicellular organisms, yet it has a surprisingly complex extracellular matrix (ECM), making Volvox suitable as a model system in which to study ECM self-assembly. Here, we analyze the primary structures and post-translational modifications of two main ECM components synthesized in response to sexual induction as well as wounding. These proteins are members of the pherophorin family with as yet unknown properties. They contain polyhydroxyproline spacers as long as 500 and 2750 residues. Even the highly purified proteins retain the capacity to self-assemble and cross-link, producing an insoluble fibrous network in an apparently autocatalytic reaction. This pherophorin-based network is located within the deep zone of the ECM. A molecular genetic search for additional members of the pherophorin family indicates that at least nine different pherophorin species can be expected to serve as precursors for ECM substructures. Therefore, the highly diversified members of the pherophorin family represent region-specific morphological building blocks for ECM assembly and cross-linking.

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Control of Differentiation in Volvox

Cited by 98 publications

References 11 publications

Green Algae and the Origins of Multicellularity in the Plant Kingdom

Green Algae and the Origins of Multicellularity in the Plant Kingdom

Early event of sexual induction in Volvox: Chemical modification of the extracellular matrix

Evidence for Autocatalytic Cross-Linking of Hydroxyproline-Rich Glycoproteins during Extracellular Matrix Assembly in Volvox

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