Control of corrosion and aggression in drinking water systems

Abstract

Corrosion and/or aggression are common problems arising in pipelines transporting terrestrial waters. The kinetics and severity of such events depend on both the quality of the water being transported and the material properties of the pipeline. Irrespective of the nature of the problem, its solution (or at least its minimisation) is strongly linked to control of pH, calcium concentration and carbonate chemistry of the water (stabilisation). However, application of such chemistry to water treatment problems is complex and time consuming. Various numerical, graphical and computer techniques have been developed to address this, but these are either of insufficient accuracy, too time consuming or lacking in generality. In this paper algorithms are presented for solving a broad spectrum of problems related to control of mineral precipitation/aggression, pH and chemical dosing in water treatment. These have been incorporated into a computer software package, STASOFT, which offers the requisite framework for use in water treatment. Various stabilisation problems pertinent to water supply are addressed.

Potential for iron release in drinking water distribution system: a case study of Hamedan city, Iran

“…Some practitioners view the CCPP as an unambiguous parameter that can be used in the context of guidelines or regulations without invoking misunderstanding [26,29]. This index is negative for undersaturated waters, zero for saturated waters, and positive for oversaturated waters [37][38][39], and quantifies the mass of CaCO 3 precipitated [26,40]. The inhibition of incrustation and corrosion is ideally characterized by the following conditions [37]:…”

“…The CCPP index predicts tendency to precipitate or to dissolve CaCO 3 in addition to its quantity as well. The CCPP can be calculated with computerized water chemistry models [46]. However, in field practice, CCPP is not widely used because of its computational complexity.…”

Groundwater aggressiveness assessment according to EN 206-1: data, methods and application on groundwater in the Horna Nitra basin, Slovakia

“…Pipelines could be attacked by water in the rock environment itself and by water being transported. The kinetics and severity of such processes depend on both the material properties of the pipeline and the quality of water (Loewenthal et al 2004). Corrosion of metallic pipelines can be caused by many factors, among them by the low temporary hardness of water (lack of dissolved calcium bicarbonates and magnesium bicarbonates) or by high level of sodium, chloride and other ions increasing the electrical conductivity of water.…”

Evaluating Corrosion and Scaling Potential of Drinking Water Supplies in Juybar, North of Iran

“…Corrosion causes the metal compounds detachment of the pipes and entry into the water (3). If corrosion occurs quickly, creating holes in pipes causes pollutants enter into water distribution systems (4).…”