Control of Cellular Arrangement by Surface Topography Induced by Plastic Deformation

Abstract

Abstract:The anisotropic microstructure of bone tissue is crucial for appropriate mechanical and biological functions of bone. We recently revealed that the construction of oriented bone matrix is established by osteoblast alignment; there is a quite unique correlation between cell alignment and cell-produced bone matrix orientation governed by the molecular interactions between material surface and cells. Titanium and its alloys are one of the most attractive materials for biomedical applications. We previously succeeded in controlling cellular arrangement using the dislocations of a crystallographic slip system in titanium single crystals with hexagonal close-packing (hcp) crystal lattice. Here, we induced a specific surface topography by deformation twinning and dislocation motion to control cell orientation. Dislocation and deformation twinning were introduced into α-titanium polycrystals in compression, inducing a characteristic surface structure involving nanometer-scale highly concentrated twinning traces. The plastic deformation-induced surface topography strongly influenced osteoblast orientation, causing them to align preferentially along the slip and twinning traces. This surface morphology, exhibiting a characteristic grating structure, controlled the localization of focal adhesions and subsequent elongation of stress fibers in osteoblasts. These results indicate that cellular responses against dislocation and deformation twinning are useful for controlling osteoblast alignment and the resulting bone matrix anisotropy.

Modulating the Surface Properties of Metallic Implants and the Response of Breast Cancer Cells by Surface Relief Induced via Bulk Plastic Deformation

“…The reflection of these mechanisms on the material surface, namely, surface relief, can be observed in the SEM and AFM observations. Specifically, it is clearly seen in Figures 3, 4 that the deformation markings protruding out of the material surface modify surface topography significantly and increase surface roughness (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016). Misorientation angle between the neighboring grains might increase with plastic straining further contributing to the roughness of the samples (Sinha et al, 2015;Srinivasan et al, 2016).…”

“…Recently, simple bulk plastic deformation methods (e.g., tension or compression tests) have been utilized to impart micro/nanoscale topography on the metal surface (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016Nune et al, 2018). These studies showed that texture reflecting the activated strengthening mechanisms, namely, surface relief, can alter surface topography significantly (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016;Cicek et al, 2019).…”

“…Recently, simple bulk plastic deformation methods (e.g., tension or compression tests) have been utilized to impart micro/nanoscale topography on the metal surface (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016Nune et al, 2018). These studies showed that texture reflecting the activated strengthening mechanisms, namely, surface relief, can alter surface topography significantly (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016;Uzer et al, 2016;Cicek et al, 2019). Specifically, markings produced by twinning or slip are shown to form groove-or step-like surface topographical features that can increase surface roughness and provide ideal sites for the deposition of focal adhesion proteins (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Uzer et al, 2016.…”

“…Surface relief can be induced on the implant surface via manufacturing processes or during the deployment of the implants (Weiss and Mitevski, 2015). Furthermore, it can enable the oriented elongation of the osteoblast cells, which promotes the formation of anisotropic bone tissue necessary for its mechanical function (Matsugaki et al, 2012;Matsugaki and Nakano, 2016). Consequently, these microstructural features can increase cell viability and adhesion, which enhances tissue formation on the implant surface .…”

A paradigm shift for bone quality in dentistry: A literature review

“…Recent investigations revealed that osteoblast alignment is very important for the production of oriented BAp/ collagen structure. Osteoblast alignment can be achieved using metallic substrates with uni-directional periodic steps induced by plastic deformation [101,102] or laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) treatment [103], or collagen substrates with anisotropic molecular arrangement [104]. Osteoblastproduced collagen fibers and c-axis of precipitated BAp crystals show preferential orientation along the cell-elongated direction.…”