“…That sleep so profoundly modulates neural activity in developing M1 raises the possibility that it also modulates higher-order prefrontal cortical areas with which M1 forms reciprocal connections, such as secondary motor cortex (M2) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) (van Eden et al, 1992; Bedwell et al, 2014). As its name implies, M2 has a particularly close functional and anatomical connection with M1, integrating multimodal sensory cues for motor planning and modulating M1 activity during goal-directed action (Yin, 2009; Sul et al 2011; Omlor, 2016; Barthas and Kwan, 2017; Morandell and Huber, 2017; Wang et al, 2020). Like M1, M2 develops a somatotopic map, further highlighting its dependence on sensory input (Yin, 2009; Kunori and Takashima, 2016; Omlor, 2016; Barthas and Kwan, 2017; Chen et al, 2017; Singleton et al, 2021).…”