Control Methods for Levitation System of EMS-Type Maglev Vehicles: An Overview

Li, Fengxing; Sun, Yougang; Xu, Junqi; He, Zhenyu; Lin, Guobin

doi:10.3390/en16072995

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 105 publications

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“…The SMES-based compensation circuit experiences two operational transients during each switching cycle, namely the charging transient 1 ⃝ and discharge transient 2 ⃝, which correspond to the turned-on and turned-off time periods of the power electronic switches (S 1 , S 2 ). According to Kirchhoff's voltage law (KVL) and Kirchhoff's current law (KCL), the voltage-current relationship of the compensation circuit in each switching cycle can be expressed by Equations ( 1) and (2).…”

Section: Topology and Operating Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maglev transportation has advantages such as high speed, good stability, high safety, and strong adaptability, making it a highly competitive ground transportation option and a future development trend in railway transportation [1,2]. With the global trend of carbon neutrality, high-energy-consuming maglev transportation urgently needs to undergo a clean and low-carbon transformation of energy [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multifunctional Superconducting Magnetic Energy Compensation for the Traction Power System of High-Speed Maglevs

Fu,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Electronics

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With the global trend of carbon reduction, high-speed maglevs are going to use a large percentage of the electricity generated from renewable energy. However, the fluctuating characteristics of renewable energy can cause voltage disturbance in the traction power system, but high-speed maglevs have high requirements for power quality. This paper presents a novel scheme of a high-speed maglev power system using superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) and distributed renewable energy. It aims to solve the voltage sag caused by renewable energy and achieve smooth power interaction between the traction power system and maglevs. The working principle of the SMES power compensation system for topology and the control strategy were analyzed. A maglev train traction power supply model was established, and the results show that SMES effectively alleviated voltage sag, responded rapidly to the power demand during maglev acceleration and braking, and maintained voltage stability. In our case study of a 10 MW high-speed maglev traction power system, the SMES system could output/absorb power to compensate for sudden changes within 10 ms, stabilizing the DC bus voltage with fluctuations of less than 0.8%. Overall, the novel SMES power compensation system is expected to become a promising solution for high-speed maglevs to overcome the power quality issues from renewable energy.

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Section: Topology and Operating Principlementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional Superconducting Magnetic Energy Compensation for the Traction Power System of High-Speed Maglevs

Fu,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Electronics

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“…This type of MagLev logistics transport system is divided into an on-board type and an in-track type depending on the location of the power device for electromagnetic suspension (EMS) [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In this paper, we consider an attracted superconducting hybrid (SH) electromagnetic suspension (EMS) [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Control for a Superconducting Hybrid MagLev Transport System with Multirate Multisensors in a Smart Factory

Kim

2024

Sensors

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Recently, magnetic levitation systems have been applied and studied in various industrial fields. In particular, in-tracktype magnetic levitation conveyor systems are actively studied since they can effectively minimize electromagnetic effects in processes that require a highly clean environment. In this type of system, diverse and multiple sensors are structurally required so that the control performance of an integrated system is primarily governed by the slowest measuring sensor. This paper proposes a multisensor fusion compensator to integrate the outputs obtained from various sensors into one output with the single fastest time rate. Since the state of the system is estimated at a fast time rate, the optimal controller also guarantees fast performance and stability. The computation of electromagnetic fields and the control performance of the considered superconducting hybrid system were analyzed using a computer simulation based on finite element methods.

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“…Although several review papers on maglev levitation systems and control methods have been published over the last decade, there are currently no in-depth investigations of their modeling or their related control technologies [28][29][30]. This paper presents a comparative study of maglev levitation system modeling and different maglev levitation control methods implemented on an EMS-type maglev levitation system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Levitation Control Methods for Low- and Medium-Speed Maglev Systems

Zhu,

Wang,

2024

Buildings

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Maglev transportation is a highly promising form of transportation for the future, primarily due to its friction-free operation, exceptional comfort, and low risk of derailment. Unlike conventional transportation systems, maglev trains operate with no mechanical contact with the track. Maglev trains achieve levitation and guidance using electromagnetic forces controlled by a magnetic levitation control system. Therefore, the magnetic levitation control system is of utmost importance in maintaining the stable operation performance of a maglev train. However, due to the open-loop instability and strong nonlinearity of the control system, designing an active controller with self-adaptive ability poses a substantial challenge. Moreover, various uncertainties exist, including parameter variations and unknown external disturbances, under different operating conditions. Although several review papers on maglev levitation systems and control methods have been published over the last decade, there has been no comprehensive exploration of their modeling and related control technologies. Meanwhile, many review papers have become outdated and no longer reflect the current state-of-the-art research in the field. Therefore, this article aims to summarize the models and control technologies for maglev levitation systems following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) criteria. The control technologies mainly include linear control methods, nonlinear control methods, and artificial intelligence methods. In addition, the article will discuss maglev control in other scenarios, such as vehicle–guideway vibration control and redundancy and fault-tolerant design. First, the widely used maglev levitation system modeling methods are reviewed, including the modeling assumptions. Second, the principle of the control methods and their control performance in maglev levitation systems are presented. Third, the maglev control methods in other scenarios are discussed. Finally, the key issues pertaining to the future direction of maglev levitation control are discussed.

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Control Methods for Levitation System of EMS-Type Maglev Vehicles: An Overview

Cited by 11 publications

References 105 publications

Multifunctional Superconducting Magnetic Energy Compensation for the Traction Power System of High-Speed Maglevs

Multifunctional Superconducting Magnetic Energy Compensation for the Traction Power System of High-Speed Maglevs

Optimal Control for a Superconducting Hybrid MagLev Transport System with Multirate Multisensors in a Smart Factory

A Review of Levitation Control Methods for Low- and Medium-Speed Maglev Systems

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