Control Design Strategy for Flying Capacitor Multilevel Converters Based on Petri Nets

Salinas, Fernando; González, Mario; Escalante, M.F.; León-Morales, J. De

doi:10.1109/tie.2015.2494535

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It is worth to mention that with the used balancing strategy [28], the maximum voltage ripple in the capacitors is given by…”

Section: Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This strategy uses the capacitor and input voltages estimates to decide if the capacitor voltages must be increased or decreased, according to Equation (). The capacitor voltage balancing strategy is based on the redundancy of switching states and directly provides the control signals for the FCMC [28]. Note that the switching frequency is variable, but the estimation process is executed periodically at a sampling frequency of

f_{s} = 1 / T_{s}

.…”

Section: Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several works have studied this property, and proposed techniques to improve its dynamics, especially at start-up when the input dc voltage increases from zero to nominal value [19][20][21][22]. Furthermore, closed-loop strategies are used to improve the capacitor voltage balancing dynamics [23][24][25][26][27][28]. Indeed, the closed-loop control of the capacitor voltages is an area actively researched.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of the capacitor voltages in flying capacitor multi‐level converters

Escalante

Erdmann

2021

IET Power Electronics

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Flying capacitor multi‐level converters use charged capacitors as a critical element. For proper operation, the capacitor voltages must be known and regulated. Direct measurement is straightforward, but when the number of required measurements is high, this is a complicated approach. This paper introduces an estimation method for n capacitor voltages. The scheme is based on a system of (n+1) equations, which is defined in a way that it incorporates information of the actual capacitor voltages and open‐loop estimates of the capacitor voltages. The solution of the system gives the best estimates of the capacitor voltages in the sense of least square errors. The method requires only output voltage and output current sensors and its computational burden is low, saving cost and design efforts, and simplifying the hardware system. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated experimentally in a 9‐level flying capacitor chopper, where the estimates are used by the voltage balancing strategy and by the output current controller.

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“…It is worth to mention that with the used balancing strategy [28], the maximum voltage ripple in the capacitors is given by…”

Section: Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

f_{s} = 1 / T_{s}

.…”

Section: Test Benchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of the capacitor voltages in flying capacitor multi‐level converters

Escalante

Erdmann

2021

IET Power Electronics

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“…In this way, this PN will command the power converter with the SDD that regulates the capacitor voltages, and simultaneously ensures the required voltage level, α * . This assignment is based on the converter switching state redundancies; switching state redundancies means that there exists more than one SDD defining a giving voltage level, but each of those redundant states have different effect on the capacitor voltages evolution, which allows to implement a control strategy based on that property [41]- [42]. SDDs using the following cost function (task 4)…”

Section: Converter Condition (Task 2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the hybrid systems theory has been incorporated in the analysis of many industrial processes, making possible to describe the complete system dynamics including discrete events. Regarding power electronics, PNs have been proposed as a modeling tool for classical converters [37], and in some works to implement the control loops [38]- [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Control Set-Model Predictive Control of a Flying Capacitor Multilevel Chopper Using Petri Nets

Salinas

González

Escalante

2016

IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron.

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This paper presents a control scheme based on predictive control theory and Petri nets (PNs) formalism to control a flying capacitor multilevel converter. The proposed scheme takes advantage of the benefits offered by the Finite Control Set -Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) methodology and the versatility of PNs to regulate the capacitor voltages and output current, simultaneously. The inclusion of PNs allows to simplify the control scheme. A first PN is used to select, from a subset of switching states, the switching state that accomplishes both control objectives. This approach reduces the computational burden if compared with a typical predictive control scheme. Furthermore, a PN based prediction scheme is used to predict the capacitor voltages. This prediction scheme uses only measurements of output voltage and current, which reduces the number of required sensors. This approach allows to implement the internal capacitor voltages control independently if a multi-leg configuration is needed. The scheme is experimentally validated in a 5-level flying capacitor multilevel converter.

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