Contributory Pharmacological Effects of Azadirachta Indica Leaf in the Treatment of Malaria

Iwalewa, E. O.; Mohammed, K A; Omotola, OO

doi:10.4314/njnpm.v3i1.11757

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…This activity is on contrary with the optimum antimalarial activity by the same dose in malaria suppressive model, but correlates with optimum activity by the same dose in malaria prophylactic model, seeing that the extract remarkably reversed the body temperature that was lowered by malaria parasites in this study. In ethnomedicine, other works have shown that Dodonaea angustifolia seed and Azadirachta indica leaves as antimalarial agents were able to reverse the temperature induced by malaria parasites[ 32 33 ]. This comparison explains the fact that traditional plants are good remedies for malaria infection and fever as claimed in the folklore.…”

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confidence: 99%

In vivo antimalarial activities of russelia equisetiformis in plasmodium berghei infected mice

Ojurongbe¹,

Ojo²,

Adefokun³

et al. 2015

Indian J Pharm Sci

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The rising problem of resistance to most commonly used antimalarials remains a major challenge in the control of malaria suggesting the need for new antimalarial agents. This work explores the antiplasmodial potential of ethanol extract of Russelia equisetiformis in chloroquine Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Swiss albino mice were intraperitoneally infected with chloroquine-resistant P. berghei (ANKA). Experimental mice were treated for four days consecutively with graded doses of plant extracts and standard antimalarial drugs (artesunate and chloroquine) at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight used as control. The extract showed a dose-dependent activity in the chemosuppression of P. berghei parasites by 31.6, 44.7, 48.4 and 86.5% at doses of 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg, while chloroquine (10 mg/kg) and artesunate produced 59.4 and 68.4%, respectively. The extract showed a significant decrease in parasitaemia (P<0.05). The level of parasitemia and decrease in weight in all the treated groups was significantly lower (P<0.05) compared with the infected but untreated mice. The plant extract was devoid of toxicity at the highest dose tested (5000 mg/kg). The study concluded that the ethanol extract of R. equisetiformis possesses antimalarial effect, which supports the folk medicine claim of its use in the treatment of malaria.

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confidence: 99%

In vivo antimalarial activities of russelia equisetiformis in plasmodium berghei infected mice

Ojurongbe¹,

Ojo²,

Adefokun³

et al. 2015

Indian J Pharm Sci

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show abstract

“…This activity is in correlation with the optimum antimalarial activity by the same dose in malaria suppressive model, validating the claim of the extract in the folkore as an antimalarial agent, seeing that the extract remarkably reversed the body temperature that was lowered by malaria parasites in this study. In ethnomedicine, there are other confirmed works using Dodonaea angustifolia seed and Azadirachta indica leaves, as antimalarial agents and were able to reverse the temperature induced by malaria parasites [40,41]. B. diffusa methanolic crude extract displayed a more remarkable temperature reversal activity in a 4-day suppressive study than Dodonaea angustifolia hydroalcoholic and aqueous crude extracts which reduced body temperature in infected mice, although the butanol fraction of the aqueous extract of D. angustifolia displayed a strong temperature reversal activity when compared with the control and the standard at days 1 and 3 [41].…”

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confidence: 97%

The Antimalarial Effect and Mechanism of Action of Methanolic Root Extract of Boerhaavia diffusa in Mice

Adefokun

Iwalewa

Omisore

et al. 2015

BJPR

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“…From the specific mechanism of action, it became clearer that other mediators, more devastating than the autacoids are involved in inflammation, which has since been identified as the cytokines. In another study on Azadirachta indica leaves that produced gedunin -a limonoid complemented its antimalarial property by reducing inflammatory symptoms of pain, pyrexia and swellings and also increasing immunomodulatory activities (Bray et al, 1990;Iwalewa et al, 1999). In addition to being directory pro-inflammatory, the cytokines IL-1, 12 are known to induce iNOS and COX-2 in chronic diseases which further contribute to immune complications.…”

Section: Evidence Showing the Involvement Of Cytokines In Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation: the foundation of diseases and disorders. A review of phytomedicines of South African origin used to treat pain and inflammatory conditions.

Iwalewa¹,

McGaw²,

Naidoo³

et al. 2007

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

160

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Great interest in herbal medicine as a potential source of phytopharmaceuticals has created the need to review common factors responsible for major diseases and body disorders. This review shows one such common factor in inflammation and the role herbal medicine can play. Traditional medicinal herbal remedies in the southern African region have long been used to treat various pain-or inflammation-related symptoms. Although the precise mechanisms of action of many herbal drugs have yet to be determined, some of them have been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidant effects in a variety of cells in the human and animal bodies. There is increasing evidence to indicate that both peripheral and central nervous system cells play a prominent role in the chronic inflammatory responses in the body system and anti-inflammatory herbal medicine and its constituents are being proved to be a potent protector against various pro-inflammatory mediators in diseases and disorders. These mediators have therefore been suspected of being the functional basis of diseases and disorders. The structural diversity of these medicinal herbs makes them a valuable source of novel lead compounds against the therapeutic molecular targets, cytokines and mediators, that have been newly discovered by the platforms of genomics, proteomics, metabolomics and highthroughput technologies. This article reviews the basic mechanisms of inflammation and the potential of 123 southern African plant species to be effective as chronic inflammatory disease preventive agents. With one third of these species there are no indications of the chemical composition, indicating possible subjects for further research.

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Contributory Pharmacological Effects of Azadirachta Indica Leaf in the Treatment of Malaria

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

In vivo antimalarial activities of russelia equisetiformis in plasmodium berghei infected mice

In vivo antimalarial activities of russelia equisetiformis in plasmodium berghei infected mice

The Antimalarial Effect and Mechanism of Action of Methanolic Root Extract of Boerhaavia diffusa in Mice

Inflammation: the foundation of diseases and disorders. A review of phytomedicines of South African origin used to treat pain and inflammatory conditions.

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