Contributions to the Characterization of Chlorinated Polyisoprene Surfaces

Lenko, Dietmar; Schlögl, Sandra; Kramer, Rebecca K.; Kern, Wolfgang; Schaller, Raimund; Holzner, Armin

doi:10.1002/masy.201000136

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Chlorinated polyisoprene, a highly elastomeric material, is made by solution polymerization of isoprene (2-methyl-l,3butadiene) followed by chlorination. Lenko et al showed that the hydrophilicity of the polyisoprene rubber surface increased significantly after chlorination [41]. On the other hand, poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) is a triblock copolymer that consists of rigid styrene and soft butadiene segments, which makes it highly elastic, with excellent rubbery properties; it is also much more durable and inexpensive than PVDF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Rubber Nanofiber Web-Based Dry Electrodes for Biopotential Monitoring

Reza,

Jin,

Jeong

et al. 2023

Sensors

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This study aims to find base materials for dry electrode fabrication with high accuracy and without reducing electrode performance for long-term bioelectric potential monitoring after electroless silver plating. Most applications of dry electrodes that have been developed in the past few decades are restricted by low accuracy compared to commercial Ag/AgCl gel electrodes, as in our previous study of PVDF-based dry electrodes. In a recent study, however, nanoweb-based chlorinated polyisoprene (CPI) and poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) rubber were selected as promising candidates due to their excellent elastic properties, as well as their nanofibril nature, which may improve electrode durability and skin contact. The electroless silver plating technique was employed to coat the nanofiber web with silver, and silver nanoweb(AgNW)-based dry electrodes were fabricated. The key electrode properties (contact impedance, step response, and noise characteristics) for AgNW dry electrodes were investigated thoroughly using agar phantoms. The dry electrodes were subsequently tested on human subjects to establish their realistic performance in terms of ECG, EMG monitoring, and electrical impedance tomography (EIT) measurements. The experimental results demonstrated that the AgNW dry electrodes, particularly the SBS-AgNW dry electrodes, performed similarly to commercial Ag/AgCl gel electrodes and were outperformed in terms of long-term stability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun Rubber Nanofiber Web-Based Dry Electrodes for Biopotential Monitoring

Reza,

Jin,

Jeong

et al. 2023

Sensors

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“…Chlorinated surfaces are typically characterized by a lower coefficient of friction and increased hardness. It has to be noted, however, that the chlorination processes often compromise bulk properties and lead to decreased tensile strength and ozone resistance . Further prominent approaches for preparing NR surfaces with controlled wettability and surface tension involve direct fluorination and oxy‐fluorination routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface Functionalization of Natural Rubber by UV‐Induced Thiol‐ene Chemistry

Manhart

Kramer

Schaller³

et al. 2016

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary Natural rubber (NR) surfaces with tailored physicochemical properties and spatially controlled surface topology were prepared by exploiting radical‐mediated thiol‐ene chemistry. Selected functional thiols were immobilized onto NR surfaces by the photo‐induced addition reaction across the unsaturated CC double bonds of the cis‐1,4‐isoprene units. The modified elastomer surfaces are characterized by means of ATR FTIR spectroscopy to follow changes in the chemical surface composition, and by contact angle measurements to study changes in surface polarities. The results evidence the versatility of this photochemical functionalization route since different surface characteristics and surface reactivities were obtained, depending on the chemical nature of the attached thiol. In addition, the influence of the surface functionalization on bulk properties and surface morphology was determined by tensile tests and microscopic techniques, respectively. Results show that both tensile properties and surface morphology are not affected by the photochemical functionalization process. The immobilized thiols were further used as reactive anchor groups for a subsequent immobilization of inorganic silica particles, resulting in a well‐defined change in surface roughness and topology. Spatial control of surface properties was accomplished by photolithographic techniques that enabled a patterned immobilization of inorganic particles onto NR surfaces. Microscopic techniques revealed the selective coupling of the inorganic particles in the illuminated surface areas that were defined by high resolution and clear edges.

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