Contributions of individual cover crop species to rainfed maize production in semi-arid cropping systems

Rosa, Alexandre Tonon; Creech, Cody F.; Elmore, Roger W.; Rudnick, Daran R.; Lindquist, John L.; Butts, Liberty; Faria, Italo Kaye Pinho de; Werle, Rodrigo

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108245

Cited by 16 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In general, early cover crop planting with a late termination date resulted in greater cover crop biomass accumulation compared to a late cover crop planting with an early termination date. These results are similar to previous studies evaluating biomass with different cover crop management strategies ( Mirsky et al 2017 , Webster et al 2016 , Sciarresi et al 2020 , Rosa et al 2021a ). We hypothesized that management strategies that result in greater cover crop biomass would support more arthropod prey resulting in greater arthropod activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Recent studies showed that grass cover crop species utilized before corn could reduce corn yield due to higher nitrogen immobilization by the grass cover crop ( Rosa et al 2021b ). Also, greater cover crop biomass might reduce cash crop yield due to greater water use from the cover crop ( Rosa et al 2021a ). Utilizing legumes as part of a mixture in a cover crop can modify starter nitrogen rates and water management in a grass cover crop to grass cash crop rotation could be a viable strategy to reduce the potential for negative impacts on yield ( Clark et al 1995 , 1997 , 2007a , b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Cover Crop Planting and Termination Dates on Arthropod Activity in the Following Corn

Carmona

Robinson

Rosa

et al. 2022

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Relative to fallow-cash crop rotations, the addition of a cover crop can contribute to greater plant diversity and has the potential to conserve predatory arthropods. The transition of arthropods from a cover crop to a subsequent cash crop depends on several factors, such as cover crop biomass production and weather conditions. Information about the effect of cover crop planting and termination dates on arthropods in a subsequent corn system is limited. A two-year field study was conducted in Nebraska in 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 to evaluate the impact of cover crop planting and termination dates as a source for arthropods in the subsequent corn. A total of 38,074 and 50,626 arthropods were collected in the first and second year, respectively. In both years, adding a grass cover crop increased predatory arthropods but reduced yield in follow corn crop. Of the arthropods collected, Carabidae and Araneae had greater activity with cover crop biomass increments, whereas Collembola and Acari activity only increased in treatments with little or no cover crop biomass. Insect pest pressure was not significant in any treatment for either year. A cover crop planted in mid- or late-September and terminated at corn planting was identified as the best management strategy to maximize cover crop biomass, increase predator activity, and modify predator-prey dynamics. The results of this study provide growers with a cover crop management strategy to maximize cover crop biomass, beneficial arthropod activity, and potentially minimize insect pest problems; however, corn Zea Mays (L.) grain yield was reduced as cover crop biomass increased.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Cover Crop Planting and Termination Dates on Arthropod Activity in the Following Corn

Carmona

Robinson

Rosa

et al. 2022

Journal of Economic Entomology

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“…The relatively higher GR and BR root yields that were exhibited through about 8% higher root count in comparison to NC possibly alleviated soil compaction though not significant (Table 5). Contrary to our findings, rye CC has been reported to have no effect on SPR on surface (0-20 cm) depth, but increased SPR below 20 cm depth under drier semi-arid regions compared to other CC species (47,48).…”

Section: Soil Penetration Resistancecontrasting

confidence: 99%

Cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop improves soil physico-chemical properties with no influence on soybean (Glycine max L.) root growth parameters

Pinnamaneni¹,

Mubvumba²,

Anapalli³

et al. 2022

Front. Soil Sci.

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Planting winter cover crops (CC) in soybean cropping systems is expected to offer various environmental benefits including soil health and fertility besides enhanced cash crop productivity. In a three-year study (2018–2021) conducted on a Dundee silt loam, we assessed the impact of introducing rye (Secale cereale L.) CC during the winter fallow period on soil organic carbon (SOC), soil organic matter (SOM), soil total nitrogen (STN), bulk density (BD), saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs), soil penetration resistance (SPR), and water-stable aggregates (WSA). Three treatments evaluated were: i) no cover crop (NC), ii) winter rye as CC rolled when green and desiccated after soybean planting (GR), and iii) winter rye CC desiccated and rolled before planting soybean (BR) in a randomized complete block design with six replications. The depth of the soil sampling in 2019 was 0-15 and 15-30 cm while 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depth soil sampling was done in 2020 and 2021. Effects of BR and GR on soybean root growth characteristics (number of roots, root length and root angle) were measured using a CID 600 root scanner. The results showed that CC (both BR and GR) improved SOC by 7 to 12.5%, soil organic matter by 9 to 15%, STN by 13 to 29%, WSA by 26 to 68%, Kfs by 5 to 9% and reduced BD by 8% and SPR by 14 to 18% compared to NC (P<0.05). However, there were no differences between BR and GR treatments. Root characteristics of soybean in the NC, BR and GR treatments were similar. Rye CC fits into the existing soybean production system in the Lower Mississippi Delta with a potential to augment soil-physico chemical properties, thus offering agro-ecosystem services which may not necessarily lead to an impact on soybean root growth traits.

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“…purple top turnip (Brassica rapa L.), and Siberian kale (Brassica napus L.) all significantly reduced maize grain yields by 1.7, 1.7, 1.5, 1.6, and 1.5 Mg ha −1 , respectively (Rosa et al, 2021).…”

Section: Core Ideasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Spring triticale ( Triticosecale rimpaui C. Yen & J. L. Yang [ Secale cereale × Triticum aestivum ]), volunteer wheat, hairy vetch ( Vicia villosa Roth. ), purple top turnip ( Brassica rapa L.), and Siberian kale ( Brassica napus L.) all significantly reduced maize grain yields by 1.7, 1.7, 1.5, 1.6, and 1.5 Mg ha −1 , respectively (Rosa et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating cool‐season grass species as potential perennial groundcover for maize production

et al. 2022

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Removal of crop residue poses negative consequences for soil health, nutrient leaching, and runoff. Perennial groundcovers (PGC) provide a method of maintaining soil health while allowing the sustainable intensification of maize (Zea mays L.) systems for biofuel production by providing groundcover for several years. However, previous studies have only evaluated a few varieties of PGC. We conducted a 2‐yr study to evaluate the compatibility of cool‐season turfgrass PGCs under maize. Maize was interplanted into 20 accessions of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Presl), and red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) in a randomized complete block design in Boone, IA. Data on maize grain yield, maize grain quality, and ground coverage of PGC were collected. There were no differences in maize grain yield across species in 2017. In 2018, maize grain yield under red fescue was 1.0, 1.8, and 2.1 Mg ha–1 less than Kentucky bluegrass, Sandberg bluegrass, or the no‐grass control, respectively. Maize under red fescue produced 2.3, 4.8, and 3.9 g kg–1 more protein than Kentucky bluegrass, Sandberg bluegrass, and the no‐grass control, but produced 878 L ha–1 and 758 L ha–1 less ethanol than the no‐grass control and Sandberg bluegrass, respectively. In both years, Kentucky bluegrass groundcover declined approximately 22%, while Sandberg bluegrass groundcover remained below 10%. Red fescue maintained groundcover over 22% in 2017 and 34% in 2018. These results indicate that maize under Kentucky bluegrass and Sandberg bluegrass can perform similarly to conventional maize.

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Contributions of individual cover crop species to rainfed maize production in semi-arid cropping systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 36 publications

Impact of Cover Crop Planting and Termination Dates on Arthropod Activity in the Following Corn

Impact of Cover Crop Planting and Termination Dates on Arthropod Activity in the Following Corn

Cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop improves soil physico-chemical properties with no influence on soybean (Glycine max L.) root growth parameters

Evaluating cool‐season grass species as potential perennial groundcover for maize production

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