Contributions of Heat from Traffic Vehicles to Snow Melting on Roads

Ishikawa, Nobuyoshi; Narita, Hirokazu; Kajiya, Yasuhiko

doi:10.3141/1672-05

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Traffic effects are numerous. Some of these are partially known, such as the thermal contribution of vehicles (Ishikawa et al 1999;Prusa 2002), but some are difficult to quantify, such as the effect of contaminant on the snow albedo. The second research theme pertains to the development of a preoperational chain for snow prediction on a road using predicted meteorological conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coupled Model to Simulate Snow Behavior on Roads

Bouilloud

Martin

2006

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

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To develop a decision-making tool for road management in winter, a numerical model resulting from the coupling of a soil model and a snow model was developed and validated using experimental results from a comprehensive experimental field campaign during three winters (1997/98, 1998/99, and 1999/2000). The coupling of the models has been done through an implicit calculation of the conduction flux between snow and road. An equivalent thermal resistance has been used to take into account the different road-snow interface configurations. For this purpose, a parameterization of water-saturated snow was introduced. This model permits the simulation of the snow behavior on a road, and it takes into account different interfacial configurations according to snow and road types and the snowpack evolution (freezing, melting, grain type). Comparisons of experimental and simulated results for typical snowfall events or over the entire winter showed that the model was able to simulate road surface temperature, snow occurrence on the road, and snow-layer evolution with good accuracy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Coupled Model to Simulate Snow Behavior on Roads

Bouilloud

Martin

2006

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology

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“…α s is estimated from the natural wind velocity V w (m s −1 ) using the following equation: The radiative heat flux R v (W m −2 ) emitted downward from the bottom of a vehicle has been studied by several authors (Ishikawa et al, 1999;Prusa et al, 2002;Takahashi et al, 2005;Fujimoto et al, 2007). These studies reported that radiant heat from the bottom of a vehicle significantly affects the heat balance on a road surface, and may be evaluated by the Stefan-Boltzmann law:…”

Section: Explicit Representation Of Traffic Into the Model (Second Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The turbulent sensible heat was also investigated (Sato et al, 2004) with a heat transfer coefficient dependent on vehicle speed. The radiative fluxes emitted by the upper and lower parts of vehicles were also specifically considered by Ishikawa et al (1999) and Takahashi et al (2005), and were based on the Stefan-Boltzmann law. A presentation of modified equations to take into account these processes in the TEB model was made and fully described in a previous paper (Khalifa et al, 2014), and illustrated in Fig.…”

Section: Explicit Representation Of Traffic Into the Model (Second Apmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accounting for anthropic energy flux of traffic in winter urban road surface temperature simulations with the TEB model

Khalifa

Marchetti

Bouilloud³

et al. 2016

Geosci. Model Dev.

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Abstract. Snowfall forecasts help winter maintenance of road networks, ensure better coordination between services, cost control, and a reduction in environmental impacts caused by an inappropriate use of de-icers. In order to determine the possible accumulation of snow on pavements, forecasting the road surface temperature (RST) is mandatory. Weather outstations are used along these networks to identify changes in pavement status, and to make forecasts by analyzing the data they provide. Physical numerical models provide such forecasts, and require an accurate description of the infrastructure along with meteorological parameters. The objective of this study was to build a reliable urban RST forecast with a detailed integration of traffic in the Town Energy Balance (TEB) numerical model for winter maintenance. The study first consisted in generating a physical and consistent description of traffic in the model with two approaches to evaluate traffic incidence on RST. Experiments were then conducted to measure the effect of traffic on RST increase with respect to non-circulated areas. These field data were then used for comparison with the forecast provided by this traffic-implemented TEB version.

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“…The radiative heat flux emitted by the vehicle has been studied by several authors: Ishikawa [17], Pursa et al [1] Takahashi et al [18], Fujimoto et al [19]. This flux may be evaluated by the Stefan-Boltzmann law.…”

Section: The Vehicle Radiant Heat Flux Emitted Downward From the Bottmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appreciation of the traffic effects on the RST by infrared thermography

Khalifa

Marchetti

Buès

2014

Remote Sensing System Engineering V

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Road surface temperature forecast is a key component of winter maintenance strategy in many developed countries. Numerical tools exist to help road managers to organize services and consequently to trigger de-icing operations. Forecasting strategies have been commonplace since the 1980s, and often based on numerical models. Traffic is one of the influencing parameters, specifically in urban areas. This work was undertaken to evaluate to which extent an accurate description of traffic might improve numerical model dedicated to road surface temperature forecasting. Two sets of experiments were run to detect and to quantify traffic effects on RST. First one consisted in driving above an infrared radiometer, a pyrgeometer and other atmospheric probes to measure the radiative contribution of a passing vehicle at various speeds. In the second set, an infrared camera was installed on a vehicle in an urban traffic flow. This camera was mounted on the roof and focused the pavement right behind the vehicle ahead, both circulating at the same speed. Infrared thermography indicated a fleeting contribution of traffic to RST. The temperature increase in circulated areas, with respect to uncirculated ones, does not last according to collected measurements. Measurements with atmospheric and radiometric probes provided elements to properly take into account traffic in a numerical model and to appreciate its contribution.

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Contributions of Heat from Traffic Vehicles to Snow Melting on Roads

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

A Coupled Model to Simulate Snow Behavior on Roads

A Coupled Model to Simulate Snow Behavior on Roads

Accounting for anthropic energy flux of traffic in winter urban road surface temperature simulations with the TEB model

Appreciation of the traffic effects on the RST by infrared thermography

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