Contributions of biomass-burning, urban, and biogenic emissions to
the concentrations and light-absorbing properties of particulate
matter in central Amazonia during the dry season

Sá, Suzane S. de; Rizzo, L. V.; Palm, Brett B.; Campuzano‐Jost, Pedro; Day, Douglas A.; Yee, L. D.; Wernis, Rebecca A.; Isaacman‐VanWertz, Gabriel; Brito, Joel; Carbone, Samara; Liu, Yingjun; Sedlacek, Arthur J.; Springston, Stephen; Goldstein, Allen H.; Barbosa, H. M.; Alexander, M. Lizabeth; Artaxo, Paulo; Jimenez, José L.; Martin, Scot T.

doi:10.5194/acp-2018-1309

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 104 publications

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“…2c ) are examples of grid cells influenced by SOA formation on BB aerosol (Supplementary Fig.15). Lower observed BC:TC in SAm observations compared to most modeled SAm grid cells may be due to higher observed SOA formation rates 57 than are simulated in the models. These differences between model and observations could also come from the model emission datasets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Biomass burning aerosols in most climate models are too absorbing

et al. 2021

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Uncertainty in the representation of biomass burning (BB) aerosol composition and optical properties in climate models contributes to a range in modeled aerosol effects on incoming solar radiation. Depending on the model, the top-of-the-atmosphere BB aerosol effect can range from cooling to warming. By relating aerosol absorption relative to extinction and carbonaceous aerosol composition from 12 observational datasets to nine state-of-the-art Earth system models/chemical transport models, we identify varying degrees of overestimation in BB aerosol absorptivity by these models. Modifications to BB aerosol refractive index, size, and mixing state improve the Community Atmosphere Model version 5 (CAM5) agreement with observations, leading to a global change in BB direct radiative effect of −0.07 W m−2, and regional changes of −2 W m−2 (Africa) and −0.5 W m−2 (South America/Temperate). Our findings suggest that current modeled BB contributes less to warming than previously thought, largely due to treatments of aerosol mixing state.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Biomass burning aerosols in most climate models are too absorbing

et al. 2021

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“…Atmospheric BrC can be emitted by primary sources or formed by secondary processes, involving anthropogenic and biogenic origins (Laskin et al, 2015;Moise et al, 2015). Regarding primary emissions, combustion sources have been widely demonstrated as substantial BrC contributors at various types of locations (Chen et al, 2020;de Sá et al, 2019;Moschos et al, 2018;Qin et al, 2018;Washenfelder et al, 2015;Xie et al, 2019). Globally, open biomass burning (e.g., fire emissions) was reported as an important BrC source (Saleh et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MAE is further applied in climate models to explain the relationship between radiative impacts and concentrations of a given aerosol type (Bond et al, 2013). BrC MAE can span several orders of magnitude according to the different types of aerosols from various sources observed in different regions (Chen et al, 2020;de Sá et al, 2019;Kumar et al, 2018;Laskin et al, 2015;Moschos et al, 2018;Qin et al, 2018;Washenfelder et al, 2015). However, most climate models still roughly treat OA as nonabsorbing aerosols (Li et al, 2016;Saleh, 2020), since the main sources and light-absorption properties (e.g., MAE) of brown carbon in the ambient air remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substantial brown carbon emissions from wintertime residential wood burning over France

Zhang

Albinet

Petit

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Brown carbon (BrC) is known to absorb light at subvisible wavelengths but its optical properties and sources are still poorly documented, leading to large uncertainties in climate studies. Here, we show its major wintertime contribution to total aerosol absorption at 370 nm (18-42%) at 9 different French sites. Moreover, an excellent correlation with levoglucosan (r 2 = 0.9 and slope = 22.2 at 370 nm), suggesting important contribution of wood burning emissions to ambient BrC aerosols in France. At all sites, BrC peaks were mainly observed during late evening, linking to local intense residential wood burning during this time period. Furthermore, the geographic origin analysis also highlighted the high potential contribution of local and/or small-regional emissions to BrC. Focusing on the Paris region, twice higher BrC mass absorption efficiency value was obtained for less oxidized biomass burning organic aerosols (BBOA) compared to more oxidized BBOA (e.g., about 4.9 ± 0.2 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1 m 2 g −1 , respectively, at 370 nm). Finally, the BBOA direct radiative effect was found to be 40% higher

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“…While the wet season episodically experiences high particle number concentrations, the dry season (June through September) experiences larger number concentrations most of the time, which can alter cloud microphysics, radiative effects and influences the hydrological cycle (Andreae et al, 2002(Andreae et al, , 2004Rcia et al, 2000). While it was previously thought that particle composition during the dry period is dominated by biomass burning, recent measurements of sub-micron particle (PM1) composition show a larger influence from BVOCs due to decreased wet deposition, resulting in positive feedbacks on oxidants and emissions (de Sá et al, 2019). Seasonal variations of isoprene, sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes have been measured, with higher mixing ratios in the dry season (Alves et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 97%

Chemical composition of ultrafine aerosol particles in central Amazonia during the wet season

Glicker¹,

Ortega²,

Sá³

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Central Amazonia serves as an ideal location to study atmospheric particle formation since it often can be characterized as representing natural, pre-industrial conditions but can also experience periods of anthropogenic influence due to the presence of emissions from large metropolitan areas like Manaus, Brazil. Ultrafine (sub-100 nm diameter) particles are often observed in this region, although new particle formation events seldom occur near the ground despite being readily observed in other forested regions with similar emissions. This study focuses on identifying the chemical composition of ultrafine particles as a means of determining the chemical species and mechanisms that may be responsible for new particle formation and growth in the region. These measurements were performed during the wet season as part of the GoAmazon2014/5 field campaign at a site located 70 km southwest of Manaus. A Thermal Desorption Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometer (TDCIMS) measured the concentrations of the most abundant compounds detected in ultrafine particles. Two time periods representing distinct influences on aerosol composition, which we label as anthropogenic and background periods, were studied as part of a larger ten-day period of analysis. The anthropogenic period saw higher particle number concentrations and modeled back-trajectories indicate transport of emissions from the Manaus metropolitan area. The background period saw much lower number concentrations and back-trajectories showed that air masses arrived at the site predominantly from the forested regions to the north and northeast. TDCIMS-measured constituents also show distinct differences between the two observational periods. Although bisulfate was detected in particles during the ten-day period, the anthropogenic period had increased levels of particulate bisulfate overall. Additionally, with larger fractions of bisulfate observed, increased fractions of ammonium and trimethyl ammonium were observed. The background period had distinct diurnal patterns of particulate organic nitrogen species and acetate, while oxalate remained relatively constant during the ten-day period. 3-Methylfuran, a thermal decomposition product of particulate phase isoprene epoxydiol (IEPOX), was the dominant species measured in the positive ion mode. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on the TDCIMS-measured ion abundance and Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) mass concentration data. Two different hierarchical clusters representing unique influences arise: one relating ultrafine particulate acetate, hydrogen oxalate, organic nitrogen species, trimethyl ammonium and 3-methylfuran with each other and ultrafine particulate bisulfate, chloride, ammonium and potassium. A third cluster separated AMS-measured species from the two TDCIMS-derived clusters, indicating different sources or processes in ultrafine aerosol particle formation compared to submicron-sized particles.

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Contributions of biomass-burning, urban, and biogenic emissions to the concentrations and light-absorbing properties of particulate matter in central Amazonia during the dry season

Cited by 12 publications

References 104 publications

Biomass burning aerosols in most climate models are too absorbing

Biomass burning aerosols in most climate models are too absorbing

Substantial brown carbon emissions from wintertime residential wood burning over France

Chemical composition of ultrafine aerosol particles in central Amazonia during the wet season

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