Contributions of Arbuscular Mycorrhizas to Soil Biological Fertility

Douds, David D.; Johnson, Nancy Collins

doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6619-1_7

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 190 publications

(95 reference statements)

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“…Utilization of AM fungi is an important aspect of both organic and conventional farming, due to the formation of its symbiotic associations with crops (33). Several studies have established synergistic properties between AM fungi and biocontrol agents such as Pseudomonas fluorescens, Burkholderia cepacia Palleroni & Holmes, Trichoderma harzianum Rifai, and Verticillium chlamydosporium Kamyschko ex Barron (58).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, modern agriculture is in need of alternatives to (i) reduce negative environmental impacts of conventional chemical inputs and (ii) enhance crop production efficiency. One proven biosustainable alternative is naturally occurring arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, which are obligate symbionts that establish a mutualistic relationship with most crop plants (33)(34)(35). The fungus receives fixed carbon in the form of hexose from the host root and, in exchange, supplies the root with mineral nutrients, notably phosphorus, zinc, and copper.…”

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Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 Survival in Soil and Translocation into Leeks (Allium porrum) as Influenced by an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (Glomus intraradices)

Gurtler

Douds

Dirks

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 Survival in Soil and Translocation into Leeks (Allium porrum) as Influenced by an Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (Glomus intraradices)

Gurtler

Douds

Dirks

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…"There are two principal ways of ensuring that the benefits in terms of crop production are obtained from mycorrhizal associations: (1) by inoculating with selected efficient mycorrhizal fungi and (2) by promoting the activity of effective indigenous mycorrhizal fungi by proper cultural practices" (Bagayaraj 1992). Cultural practices that increase the activity of indigenous AM fungi are: reduced tillage, crop rotations, cover crops, and phosphorus management (Douds and Johnson 2003). Reduced tillage, especially notill, leaves the extraradical mycelial network in the soil intact.…”

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confidence: 99%

On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum

Douds¹,

Nagahashi²,

Pfeffer³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2005. On-farm production and utilization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus inoculum. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 15-21. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonize the roots of the majority of crop plants, forming a symbiosis that potentially enhances nutrient uptake, pest resistance, water relations, and soil aggregation. Inoculation with effective isolates of AM fungi is one way of ensuring the potential benefits of the symbiosis for plant production. Although inocula are available commercially, on-farm production of AM fungus inoculum would save farmers the associated processing and shipping costs. In addition, farmers could produce locally adapted isolates and generate a taxonomically diverse inoculum. On-farm inoculum production methods entail increasing inoculated isolates or indigenous AM fungi in fumigated or unfumigated field soil, respectively, or transplanting pre-colonized host plants into compost-based substrates. Subsequent delivery of the inoculum with seed to the planting hole in the field presents technological barriers that make these methods more viable in labor-intensive small farms. However, a readily available method for utilization of these inocula is mixing them into potting media for growth of vegetable seedlings for transplant to the field. Direct application of these inocula to the field and transplant of seedlings precolonized by these inocula have resulted in enhanced crop growth and yield. Les mycorhizes à arbuscules (MA) colonisent les racines de la majorité des végétaux. Ces champignons vivent en symbiose avec la plante, améliorant l'absorption des éléments nutritifs, la résis-tance aux ravageurs, l'utilisation de l'eau et l'agrégation des sols. L'inoculation de bons isolats de MA est une façon de veiller à ce que les bienfaits de cette symbiose profitent à la production agricole. Bien qu'on vende des inoculums sur le marché, leur pré-paration à la ferme permettrait à l'agriculteur d'économiser les frais de conditionnement et d'expédition. L'agriculteur pourrait aussi produire des isolats adaptés aux conditions locales et obtenir un inoculum de composition variée sur le plan taxonomique. La production d'inoculums à la ferme suppose un accroissement du nombre d'isolats ou de MA indigènes inoculés dans le sol des champs fumigés ou pas, respectivement, ou la transplantation de plantes hôtes déjà colonisées dans un substrat enrichi de compost. L'administration d'inoculum avec la semence à la plantation soulève des obstacles techniques qui rendent cette méthode plus rentable dans les petites exploitations faisant appel à une main-d'oeuvre abondante. Toutefois, le mélange de l'inoculum au milieu d'empotage dans lequel pousseront les plantules repiquées par la suite en pleine terre est une méthode aisément disponible. L'application directe de l'inoculum au sol et le repiquage de plantules colonisées ont abouti à une meilleure croissance et à un rendement plus important des cultures.

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“…The use of AMF inoculation is proven in improving the resistance of plant to biotic and abiotic stress that result to reduce fertilizer supply and pesticide investment (Herrera et al, 1993;Douds & Johnson, 2007;Vosatka & Albrechtova, 2009;Koltai & Kapulnik, 2010). The application of AMF inoculant could produce more productive plants and from stable ecosystem (van der Heijden et al, 1998;Siddiqui et al, 2008;Cameron, 2010), especially in restoring the degradation land (Herrera et al, 1993).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%