Contributions of aortic pulse wave velocity and backward wave pressure to variations in left ventricular mass are independent of each other

Associations between circulating resistin concentrations and left ventricular mass are not accounted for by effects on aortic stiffness or renal dysfunction

“…As resistin is independently associated with aortic PWV but neither aortic pulse pressure, nor the forward wave pressure [20], the possibility that resistin may mediate increases in LVM through ventricular-vascular coupling requires consideration. Importantly, in the present study, as previously described [20,21], circulating resistin concentrations were independently associated with aortic PWV and PWV was independently associated with LVM. However, adjustments for PWV failed to influence resistin-LVM relations, and in multivariate regression analysis PWV failed to modify the contribution of resistin to LVM inappr or LVMI.…”

“…Increases in aortic stiffness are strongly associated with LVM [21,29] and these relationships are independent of brachial and aortic pulse pressure as well as the aortic wave component that is driven by increases in aortic stiffness (forward wave pressure) [21]. In this regard, stiffness of the proximal aorta is thought to increase afterload to the left ventricle through ventricularvascular coupling [29].…”

“…Aortic stiffness was assessed using carotid-femoral (aortic) pulse wave velocity (PWV) as previously described [20,21], as aortic stiffness associates with LVM beyond central arterial blood pressure. In this regard, after participants had rested for 15 min in the supine position, sequential arterial waveforms at the carotid and femoral pulse were recorded by applanation tonometry during an 8-s period each using a high-fidelity SPC-301 micromanometer (Millar Instrument, Inc., Houston, Texas) interfaced with a computer employing SphygmoCor, version 9.0 software (AtCor Medical Pty.…”

“…Alternatively, beyond blood pressure effects, resistin may also enhance afterload to the LV through ventricular-vascular coupling. Ventricular-vascular coupling may account for resistin's effect on LVM through an enhanced aortic stiffness [20], as aortic stiffness associates with LVM beyond central arterial blood pressure [21]. As it is uncertain whether associations between circulating resistin concentrations and adverse cardiac effects may be accounted for by indirect (renal dysfunction or ventricular-vascular coupling) or direct effects, in the present study we assessed the extent to which independent relationships between circulating resistin concentrations and LVM in a large community-based sample are explained by an impact of resistin on renal or aortic function.…”

Estimation of central arterial pressure from the radial artery in patients undergoing invasive neuroradiological procedures

“…Physicians use the mean arterial pressure value as an index of tissue perfusion [1], but interpretation of arterial pressure waveform or derived variables is not always straightforward. In particular, the arterial pressure recorded from a femoral or radial indwelling catheter differs somewhat from the central (i.e., aortic) pressure, which is a key determinant of left ventricular afterload and coronary perfusion [2, 3]. Reliable assessment of central arterial pressure has been a topic of recent investigation; in particular, aortic pressure is better related to the severity of atherosclerosis, loading conditions of the left ventricular myocardium, and left ventricular and vascular remodeling than are conventional peripheral pressures.…”