"Contribution to the Question of Pneumotyphus": A Discussion of the Original Article by J. Ritter in 1880

Harris, Richard L.; Williams, Temple W.

doi:10.1093/clinids/7.1.116

Cited by 27 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Ritter's classic description of respiratory disease associated with avian exposure (ornithosis, formerly "psittacosis") was the first modern recognition of C. psittaci disease (64). Both psittacine and nonpsittacine birds can harbor the infectious agent, and avian C. psittaci strains cause illness in bird handlers and poultry workers.…”

Section: Psittaci Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections

Barnes

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

167

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Chlamydia trachomatis is a human pathogen that causes ocular disease (trachoma and inclusion conjunctivitis), genital disease (cervicitis, urethritis, salpingitis, and lymphogranuloma venereum), and respiratory disease (infant pneumonitis). Respiratory chlamydioses also occur with infection by avian strains of C. psittaci or infection by the newly described TWAR agent. Diagnosis of most acute C. trachomatis infections relies on detection of the infecting agent by cell culture, fluorescent antibody, immunoassay, cytopathologic, or nucleic acid hybridization methods. Individual non-culture tests for C. trachomatis are less sensitive and specific than the best chlamydial cell culture system but offer the advantages of reduced technology and simple transport of clinical specimens. Currently available nonculture tests for C. trachomatis perform adequately as screening tests in populations in which the prevalence of infection is greater than 10%. A negative culture or nonculture test for C. trachomatis does not, however, exclude infection. The predictive value of a positive nonculture test may be unsatisfactory when populations of low infection prevalence are tested. Tests that detect antibody responses to chlamydial infection have limited utility in diagnosis of acute chlamydial infection because of the high prevalence of persistent antibody in healthy adults and the cross-reactivity due to infection by the highly prevalent C. trachomatis and TWAR agents. Assays for changes in antibody titer to the chlamydial genus antigen are used for the diagnosis of respiratory chlamydioses. A single serum sample that is negative for chlamydial antibody excludes the diagnosis of lymphogranuloma venereum.

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Section: Psittaci Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory diagnosis of human chlamydial infections

Barnes

1989

Clin Microbiol Rev

167

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“…Untreated psittacosis has a reported case-fatality rate of 15% to 20% ( 1 , 3 ). Psittacosis is most commonly reported among people in close contact with domestic birds, such as bird owners, poultry farmers, veterinarians, and workers within pet shops and poultry-processing plants ( 1 – 3 , 5 , 8 – 13 ). Sporadic cases and an outbreak in Australia linked to contact with free-ranging (wild) birds have been reported; however, little information is available on the role of wild birds in the transmission of Chlamydophila psittaci to humans ( 14 , 15 )…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probable Psittacosis Outbreak Linked to Wild Birds

Telfer

Moberley²,

Hort³

et al. 2005

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…C. psittaci has been recognised as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) following exposure to C. psittaci-infected parrots since 1879 [2]. In 1986, GRAYSTON and co-workers [3,4] described a new species of Chlamydia, C. pneumoniae, as a cause of respiratory tract infections.…”

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confidence: 99%