Contribution to the implementation of “Green Port” concept in Croatian seaports

Abstract

The port systems have been identified as major energy consumers. They represent the systems that have difficulty in the adaption of innovative solutions with regard to energy savings and energy efficiency. The most of port systems are using the outdated technology for the measurement of energy consumption and because of the mentioned facts they do not contribute to energy efficiency, environmental protection and sustainable development. On the contrary, seaports are one of the main drivers of the pressure on the environment, especially because of the fact that most of the seaports and terminals are located close to the urban areas (city areas). This paper presents the proposals relevant for the transformation of seaports into environmental friendly ports, based on the “GREEN PORT” DEVELOPMENT project proposal, which is submitted by the Intermodal Transport Cluster (Croatia), on Adriatic-Ionian Programme INTERREG V-B Transnational 2014-2020. Some proposals require advanced technology and resources, while others, such as, thimplementation of the so called model of “Green Port” development do not require any special skills. These proposals represent a small contribution to the great effort to energy efficiency, environment protection and sustainable development.

Future Greener Seaports: A Review of New Infrastructure, Challenges, and Energy Efficiency Measures

“…The concept of a smart port is to focus on methods and strategies being applied to decrease the environmental impacts and also to increase the economic interests of the ports [163]. [21] defines a smart port as a port that is well equipped and enhanced with technological innovations.…”

Sustainability and environmental challenges of modern shipping industry

“…Green logistics is of particular in-terest today and seaports are accelerating the introduction of new technologies that contribute to the reduction of GHG. Such innovative ports are often referred to as "Green Ports" [4]. The environmental concept in seaports aims at achieving zero-emission, which could be based on smart grid technology connected mainly with renewable energy sources, in order to reduce emissions.…”

“…It has been pointed out that seagoing ships are becoming larger and will need more and more electrical energy. Therefore, most ports around the world are exploring the possibility of using shore-side energy [4]. Onshore Power Supply (OPS) is an electrical system for ships that allows the ship to be charged with electricity while docked.…”

“…These include pollution by garbage, oils, ballast, hazardous substances, dry bulk cargo, environmental effect of noise, ship-strikes on marine fauna, usage of harmful marine paints for hull coating, etc. [1] [2] [4]. However, authors' focus in this paper is the previously mentioned emissions of noxious gases.…”

Port City Sustainability: A Review of Its Research Trends

“…The keywords in this study were mainly defined according to our research experience, including those that appeared frequently in the literature of sustainability studies of ports and port cities. Considering that the concepts of "green" and sustainable development are identified as being mutually dependant, the concept of a "green port" is developed from activities for a sustainable port, and is a reflection of a sustainable and environmental friendly port [40], and ecological protection and environmental management are important elements of sustainability [18,26]. After several trial-and-error retrieval attempts, the following keywords were finally determined ( Table 1).…”