Contribution to nitrogen fixation and soil fertility by photosynthetic bacteria

Kobayashi, Michiharu; Haque, M.

doi:10.1007/bf02661870

Cited by 58 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Spraying of the culture broth directly was found to be effective aganist a number of common dicotyledonous weeds in the field (Sasaki et al, 1990). Additionally, the culture broth has bacterial cells that are good nitrogen fixers with proven potential as biofertilizers in rice fields (Kobayashi and Haque, 1971), a cereal crop field where ALA can be used effectively as a selective herbicide .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5‐Aminolevulinic Acid: A Potential Herbicide/Insecticide from Microorganisms

Sasikala¹,

Ramana²,

Rao³

1994

Biotechnology Progress

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5‐Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), an intermediate of the biological tetrapyrrole synthesis, can be used as a photodynamic herbicide/insecticide. Among the various microorganisms capable of its production, anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria produce ALA in considerable amounts, making it worthwhile to work toward commercial exploitation. Knowledge of the biochemical synthesis of ALA and its physiological and genetic regulation in microorganisms can enable the biotechnologist to manipulate them for enhancing ALA production for possible practical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5‐Aminolevulinic Acid: A Potential Herbicide/Insecticide from Microorganisms

Sasikala¹,

Ramana²,

Rao³

1994

Biotechnology Progress

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“…In a small-scale laboratory experiment with straw, Kobayashi and Haque (1971) demonstrated a succession of heterotrophic bacteria, phototrophic bacteria and green algae. They found peaks in population sizes of heterotrophic bacteria at about 30 days, followed by phototrophic bacteria at about 60 days, and algae at about 120 days.…”

Section: N2 Fixation In Flooded Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological N2 fixation by heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria in association with straw

Roper

Ladha

1995

Plant Soil

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IntroductionAsymbiotic diazotrophs Straw components and their direct utilisation by diazotrophs Aerobic and anaerobic cellulose degradation N2 fixation in soils by bacteria using products of straw decomposition N2 fixation in flooded soils N2 fixation in dryland soils Factors affecting N2 fixation associated with straw Ways to enhance straw-associated N2 fixation Conclusions References AbstractMuch of the crop residues, including cereal straw, that are produced worldwide are lost by burning. Plant residues, and in particular straw, contain large amounts of carbon (cellulose and hemicellulose) which can serve as substrates for the production of microbial biomass and for biological N2 fixation by a range of free-living, diazotrophic bacteria. Microorganisms with the dual ability to utilise cellulose and fix N2 are rare, but some strains that utilize hemicellulose and fix N2 have been found. Generally, cellulolysis and diazotrophy are carried out by a mixed microbial community in which N2-fixing bacteria utilise cellobiose and glucose produced from straw by cellulolytic microorganisms. N2-fixing bacteria include heterotrophic and phototrophic organisms and the latter are 212 apparently more prominent in flooded soils such as rice paddies than in dryland soils. The relative contributions of N2 fixed by heterotrophic diazotrophic bacteria compared with cyanobacteria and other phototrophic bacteria depend on the availability of substrates from straw decomposition and on environmental pressures. Measurements of asymbiotic N2 fixation are limited and variable but, in rice paddy systems, rates of 25 kg N ha-1 over 30 days have been found, whereas in dryland systems with wheat straw, in situ measurements have indicated up to 12 kg N ha-l over 22 days. Straw-associated N2 fixation is directly affected by environmental factors such as temperature, moisture, oxygen concentration, soil pH and clay content as well as farm management practices. Modification of managements and use of inoculants offer ways of improving asymbiotic N2 fixation.In laboratory culture systems, inoculation of straws with cellulolytic and diazotrophic microorganisms has resulted in significant increases in N2 fixation in comparison to uninoculated controls and gains of N of up to 72 mg N fixed g-~ straw consumed have been obtained, indicating the potential of inoculation to improve N gains in composts that can then be used as biofertilisers. Soils, on the other hand, contain established, indigenous microbial populations which tend to exclude inoculant microorganisms by competition. As a consequence, improvements in straw-associated N2 fixation in soils have been achieved mostly by specific straw-management practices which encourage microbial activity by straw-decomposing and N2-fixing microorganisms.Further research is needed to quantify more accurately the contribution of asymbiotic N2 fixation to cropping systems. New strains of inoculants, including those capable of both cellulolytic and N2-fixing activity, are needed to improve the N content of biofe...

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“…attributable to the unique chemical roperties of acid laterite soi f s. However, this organism is also fairly wi 8 espread in non-laterite tropical soils a more important factor in the development of these organisms than with the heterotrophs. Most work has centred on the blue-green algae although photosynthetic bacteria may be important in some soils (Kobayashi and Haque, 1971).…”

Section: )-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Nonsymbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Soil Nutrient Status–a Review

Jürgensen

1973

Journal of Soil Science

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Contribution to nitrogen fixation and soil fertility by photosynthetic bacteria

Cited by 58 publications

References 14 publications

5‐Aminolevulinic Acid: A Potential Herbicide/Insecticide from Microorganisms

5‐Aminolevulinic Acid: A Potential Herbicide/Insecticide from Microorganisms

Biological N2 fixation by heterotrophic and phototrophic bacteria in association with straw

Relationship Between Nonsymbiotic Nitrogen Fixation and Soil Nutrient Status–a Review

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