Contribution of women’s fisheries substantial, but overlooked, in Timor-Leste

Tilley, Alexander; Burgos, Ariadna; Duarte, A.; Lopes, Joctan Dos Reis; Eriksson, Hampus; Mills, David J.

doi:10.1007/s13280-020-01335-7

Cited by 46 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Better data systems can only drive informed decision-making if the information is available and understandable. Currently, this PeskAAS is suited to boat-based fisheries, compounding the unawareness and exclusion of foot fisheries often conducted by women [ 34 ]. To get a full picture of SSF and enable local legitimacy and sustainability, Timor-Leste must build on initial successes with co-management [ 35 ] as a platform on which to base a range of data collection methods and strategies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PeskAAS: A near-real-time, open-source monitoring and analytics system for small-scale fisheries

2020

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Small-scale fisheries are responsible for landing half of the world’s fish catch, yet there are very sparse data on these fishing activities and associated fisheries production in time and space. Fisheries-dependent data underpin scientific guidance of management and conservation of fisheries systems, but it is inherently difficult to generate robust and comprehensive data for small-scale fisheries, particularly given their dispersed and diverse nature. In tackling this challenge, we use open source software components including the Shiny R package to build PeskAAS; an adaptable and scalable digital application that enables the collation, classification, analysis and visualisation of small-scale fisheries catch and effort data. We piloted and refined this system in Timor-Leste; a small island developing nation. The features that make PeskAAS fit for purpose are that it is: (i) fully open-source and free to use (ii) component-based, flexible and able to integrate vessel tracking data with catch records; (iii) able to perform spatial and temporal filtering of fishing productivity by fishing method and habitat; (iv) integrated with species-specific length-weight parameters from FishBase; (v) controlled through a click-button dashboard, that was co-designed with fisheries scientists and government managers, that enables easy to read data summaries and interpretation of context-specific fisheries data. With limited training and code adaptation, the PeskAAS workflow has been used as a framework on which to build and adapt systematic, standardised data collection for small-scale fisheries in other contexts. Automated analytics of these data can provide fishers, managers and researchers with insights into a fisher’s experience of fishing efforts, fisheries status, catch rates, economic efficiency and geographic preferences and limits that can potentially guide management and livelihood investments.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PeskAAS: A near-real-time, open-source monitoring and analytics system for small-scale fisheries

2020

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“…Observations of extensive rubble slopes at Urban-W may be due to blast fishing although the damage does not appear to be recent [90]. Gleaning is largely overlooked when assessing fisheries in Southeast Asia although most (> 80%) of households in coastal communities participate in gleaning activities in Timor-Leste [97,98].…”

Section: Coral Community Composition and Human Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Women and children glean while men fish, however, gleaners have nearly a 100% success rate highlighting its importance in maintaining food security especially during low crop periods [97,99].…”

Section: Coral Community Composition and Human Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fishing markets are limited to a very localized distribution given that the infrastructure for markets (e.g., refrigeration) is undeveloped [15]. Additionally, gleaning, or harvesting invertebrates from intertidal flats for consumption, known locally as meti , is commonly practiced by women and children and has its own, often significant, impacts [15,16]. Similarly, agricultural practices are generally limited to small-scale, subsistence farming without the use of non-organic fertilizers and pesticides although the development of such practices is outlined to improve food security [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The condition of coral reefs in Timor-Leste before and after the 2016–2017 marine heatwave

Kim

Roelfsema

Dove

et al. 2020

Preprint

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El Niño Southern Oscillation global coral bleaching events are increasing in frequency; however, the severity of bleaching is not geographically uniform. There were two major objectives of the present project: 1) assess the state of reefs and coral health at several sites and 2) explore water quality and climate change impacts on Timorese reefs. The impacts of climate change (principally by following coral mortality) were surveyed on coral reefs before and after the 2016-2017 underwater heatwave, using temperature loggers deployed between surveys which were compared to Coral Reef Watch (CRW) experimental virtual station sea surface temperature (SST). CRW is an important and widely used tool; however, we found the SST was significantly warmer (> 1°C) than in situ temperature during the austral summer accruing 5.79 degree heating weeks. In situ temperature showed no accumulation. Change in coral cover between surveys was attributed to reef heterogeneity. There were significant differences in coral cover, coral diversity, and nutrient concentrations between site and depth and a low prevalence of disease recorded in both years. The comparison of temperature and SST indicate that bleaching stress in Timor-Leste is potentially mitigated by seasonal and oceanographic dynamics. This is corroborated by Timor-Leste's location within the Indonesian ThroughFlow. Timor-Leste is a climate refugium and the immediate conservation work lies in the management of localized anthropogenic impacts on coral reefs such as sedimentation and fishing.

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“…Gleaning-the collection of marine organisms predominantly from the littoral zone-is an important livelihood activity for the rural poor in coastal regions of developing countries. Gleaning makes a substantial contribution to catches and food security benefits, particularly in the context of seasonal availability and accessibility of other coastal fisheries (Chapman 1987;Kleiber et al 2014;Tilley et al 2020), which are influenced by the spatiotemporal distribution of resources, weather, economic constraints, and regulations (Gill et al 2019;Sievanen 2014;Teh et al 2007). Gleaning is also an important social activity for women (Whittingham et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gleaning: beyond the subsistence narrative

2020

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Coastal resources are important for the wellbeing and livelihoods of people in coastal communities across the world but are used and valued differently by different people at different times. As such, managing coastal resources equitably requires understanding how and when different people value ecosystems. Gleaning is an important activity in many coastal communities. However, the values of gleaners, and women in general, are often left invisible in coastal ecosystem service assessments and rarely examined in different seasons. Here, we use an exploratory case study to elicit the seasonal values of gleaning to women in a coastal community through an in-depth mixed method case study in Timor-Leste. We found that women gave a variety of instrumental and relational reasons for gleaning and that gleaning values shifted across seasons. Notably, subsistence was not a priority for all gleaners. Instead, there were a diverse range of reasons perceived as important for gleaning including to socialise or to spend time in nature. Our findings highlight the need to move beyond oversimplified understandings of gleaning as simply a matter of meeting basic material needs. The diverse and seasonal value priorities of gleaners in our case study indicate the importance of socially and temporally disaggregated assessments of coastal ecosystem services that account for relational values to support more accurate depictions of coastal livelihoods and equitable management in coastal areas.

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Contribution of women’s fisheries substantial, but overlooked, in Timor-Leste

Cited by 46 publications

References 36 publications

PeskAAS: A near-real-time, open-source monitoring and analytics system for small-scale fisheries

PeskAAS: A near-real-time, open-source monitoring and analytics system for small-scale fisheries

The condition of coral reefs in Timor-Leste before and after the 2016–2017 marine heatwave

Gleaning: beyond the subsistence narrative

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