Contribution of vitamin D3 and thiols status to the outcome of COVID-19 disease in Italian pediatric and adult patients

D'Alessandro, Annamaria; Ciavardelli, Domenico; Pastore, Anna; Lupisella, Santina; Carmela, Cristofaro Rosa; Giovina, Di Felice; Salierno, Roberta; Infante, Marco; Alberto, De Stefano; Andrea, Onetti Muda; Morello, Maria; Porzio, Ottavia

doi:10.1038/s41598-023-29519-7

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Following the manufacturer’s indications and in accordance with national guidelines, we considered normal values of vitamin D between 30 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL. Insufficient vitamin D values are between 20 ng/mL and 29 ng/mL, and overt deficiency values are <20 ng/mL [ 3 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency in Professional Football Players during Competitive Season of Italian First Division (Serie A)

Perrone,

Pieri,

Caminiti

et al. 2024

Sports

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Background: Data in the literature have demonstrated the crucial role that vitamin D plays in the human organism, and recent studies also emphasize this essential role of vitamin D in athletes. Indeed, vitamin D acts on the skeletal muscles and plays a fundamental role in numerous physiological processes involved in immune function. Many factors such as sun exposure, skin tone, body mass index and chronic illness affect vitamin D levels. The aim of the study is to evaluate vitamin D levels in professional football players in Italy and investigate the variations in vitamin D values in footballers who train at different latitudes. Methods: The study performed is a retrospective observational study analyzing 25-OH vitamin D values in professional football players of the Italian First Division (Serie A). Two teams during the competitive season were selected: team A (latitude of 41° N in southern Italy) and team B (latitude of 45° N in northern Italy). Three time periods were identified and were classified as follows: the first quarter (May, June, July, and August), the second quarter (September, October, November, and December) and the third quarter (January, February, March, and April). The purpose of this was to study the average values of vitamin D during the year corresponding to different levels of sunlight exposure. Each athlete was subjected to at least one sampling during the three quarters of the competitive season. Results: Both vitamin D insufficiency (10.1%) and overt deficiency (1.93%) were found in Italian Serie A players. Insufficient vitamin D values are between 20 ng/mL and 29 ng/mL and overt deficiency values <20 ng/mL. At the same time, the data demonstrated a significant variation in vitamin D values depending on the period of the competitive season and the latitude of the cities of the two teams. In detail, there was no significant difference in the first quarter, while there was a significant increase in vitamin D values in team B in the second and third quarter, at p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively. Conclusions: Latitude and seasons have a significant impact on vitamin D levels. Therefore, it is essential to measure vitamin D in professional football players, especially during the spring and winter months, so as to monitor changes in levels in relation to the season and latitude and evaluate any supplements. Further studies should be performed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and football players’ athletic performance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D Deficiency in Professional Football Players during Competitive Season of Italian First Division (Serie A)

Perrone,

Pieri,

Caminiti

et al. 2024

Sports

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“…Selected studies included data from pediatric patients (aged <19 years), while five studies included both pediatric and adult cases [10][11][12][13][14]. The selected studies included retrospective studies (16/26 with six cohort studies included), prospective studies (4/26 with two cohort studies included), cross-sectional studies (3/26), a single-center observational and a population-based study.…”

Section: Study Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin D deficiency on admission was found as an independent predictor of severe COVID-19 [ 5 ]. Another study noted that low vitamin D levels on admission may constitute a modifiable risk factor for severity and mortality in hospitalized patients [ 10 ].…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Risk and Severity in Children: A Systematic Review

Giatraki,

Galanakis,

Perdikogianni

2024

Cureus

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The role of vitamin D in the susceptibility to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease has been investigated since the beginning of the pandemic, but there is still scarce data on children. We investigated the impact of vitamin D status and the related genetic variants on COVID-19 vulnerability and severity of the disease in children. A systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, to identify reports on vitamin D status and genetic polymorphisms, their association with the susceptibility of children to COVID-19 and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and the effect of supplementation on the clinical course. Of an initial total of 279 articles, 26 studies, published between September 2020 and May 2023, were finally included in this review according to inclusion criteria. Quantitative data provided by 11 studies revealed that 43.05% of pediatric COVID-19 patients had low vitamin D levels. Mean serum 25(OH)D levels were observed to be significantly low in COVID-19 cases, with an estimated pooled mean value of 17 ng/mL, as provided by 16 studies. Vitamin D deficiency and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) FokI polymorphism may suggest independent risk factors for susceptibility to COVID-19 in the pediatric population. The 25(OH)D level may constitute a significant biomarker associated with the COVID-19 severity and MIS-C. While supplementation of COVID-19 cases with vitamin D showed favorable results, the effect on the outcome of the disease remains uncertain.

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Metabolic alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in human airway BEAS-2B cells exposed to vanadium pentoxide

He,

Smith,

Jarrell

et al. 2024

Toxicology

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Contribution of vitamin D3 and thiols status to the outcome of COVID-19 disease in Italian pediatric and adult patients

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

Vitamin D Deficiency in Professional Football Players during Competitive Season of Italian First Division (Serie A)

Vitamin D Deficiency in Professional Football Players during Competitive Season of Italian First Division (Serie A)

Role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Polymorphisms in COVID-19 Risk and Severity in Children: A Systematic Review

Metabolic alterations and mitochondrial dysfunction in human airway BEAS-2B cells exposed to vanadium pentoxide

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