Contribution of tropical cyclones to seasonal precipitation over the tropical Americas

Abstract

Tropical cyclones (TCs) are an important element of the climate dynamics in the tropical Americas. They produce intense precipitation during a few days of the rainy season. The contribution of tropical cyclone precipitation to seasonal accumulated rainfall may be as large as fifty per cent, particularly in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern Mexico. A positive trend in the number of tropical cyclones over the eastern Pacific, has resulted in more of these systems approaching the Baja peninsula and a positive trend in annual precipitation. However, the contribution of TCs to regional accumulated may be positive or negative depending on the trajectory followed by the system. If the TC is not close enough to the coastal region, it may induce atmospheric moisture divergence over land, reducing the chances of tropical convective activity and rainfall. Years of large but "distant to continent" TC activity result in negative anomalies in precipitation for some regions of the tropical Americas. Seasonal regional climate predictions or regional climate change scenarios provide information on TC activity but not on preferred trajectories. By means of TC cluster analysis, the preferred trajectories of TCs around the tropical Americas are explored in relation to quasi-stationary circulations at the steering level. Some ideas on how to estimate preferred TCs trajectories for a season are given.

Characterization, variability and long‐term trends on local climate in a Mexican tropical dry forest

“…Overall, these results point to TCs as the main cause for the increasing rainfall pattern during the wet season. Interestingly, and in line with the results of other authors (Dominguez et al, 2020; Fu et al, 2017; Lin et al, 2020; Magaña & Dominguez, 2017), it is not the number of TC events that determines the local rainfall regime, as exemplified by the cases described in Table 5, but their trajectories and closeness to the coastline.…”