Contribution of the Environment to Cancer Incidence: An Epidemiologic Exercise

Wynder, Ernst L.; Gori, Gio Batta

doi:10.1093/jnci/58.4.825

Cited by 427 publications

(85 citation statements)

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“…This service was manned by the author and two other consultants with different oncologic interests. One consultant was mainly interested in leukemias (180 patients), lymphomas (70), multiple myelomas (15), as well as others (49); while the second consultant was limiting his practice to breast cancer (100), lymphomas (80), hepatomas (60), genitourinary neoplasms (80), lung cancer (40), central nervous system tumors (40), as well as others (130).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In one report based on a number of considerations, as much as 50 percent of common cancer was attributed to dietary factors. 15 Cancer of the breast, corpus uterus, and colon has now been found to be strongly associated with total protein and fat consumption, particularly meat and animal fat, while gastric cancer and possibly head and neck cancer have been related to malnutrition, especially the lack of vitamins.…”

Section: Dietary Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pattern of Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Personal Experience Based on the Management of 1000 Patients.

Amer

1982

Ann Saudi Med

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Between October 1978 and December 1981, 1000 consecutive patients with cancer referred to the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre were seen and treated by one oncologist. There were 581 men and 419 women with a median age of 50 years. Two hundred and fifty-three (25 percent) patients had gastrointestinal malignancies, 231 (23 percent) malignant lymphoma, 184 (18 percent) head and neck cancer, 105 (11 percent) sarcomas, 104 (10 percent) gynecologic malignancies, and 52 (5 percent) breast cancer. The commonest tumors among male patients were gastrointestinal cancer, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and head and neck cancer, while gynecologic malignancies, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and gastrointestinal neoplasms were more common in females. The incidence is somewhat different from Western countries.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dietary Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Personal Experience Based on the Management of 1000 Patients.

Amer

1982

Ann Saudi Med

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“…7,8,10 We assumed that this was due to a lower prevalence of risk factors and not to genetic predisposition. Genetic susceptibility contributes little to cross-country variations in the incidence of malignancies in our study, 15,16 unless the occurrence of these cancers could be related to the combination of climate and skin type, which explains the wide range in the international variations in skin cancer.…”

Section: Avoidable Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Proportions of avoidable cancer can be estimated by several methods. [6][7][8][9] Using data on prevalence of risk factors, it was estimated that 25% of cancer incidence in the Nordic countries could be avoided through complete elimination of known risk factors. 6 Another approach is by assessing international variation in risk of cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Excess of cancers in Europe: A study of eleven major cancers amenable to lifestyle change

Soerjomataram

Vries

Pukkala

et al. 2006

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Worldwide an estimated 11 million cancer cases were diagnosed in 2002, one quarter being in Europe. We estimated the potential in avoidable numbers and proportions of 11 cancers amenable to prevention (cancers of the oral cavity, oesophagus, stomach, colorectal, pancreas, laryngeal, lung, female breast, endometrium, kidney and bladder) in 28 European countries. We assumed that the aggregated rate of 3 countries with lowest incidence to be attainable throughout Europe. The difference between the age-and gender-specific national cancer incidence rates and the lowest rate observed in 2002 was determined and defined as ''avoidable.'' Of the 1.4 million adult cases of selected cancers and countries within our study, 363,000 (59%) cancers in males and 326,000 (45%) cancers in females were hypothetically avoidable. Among men, the proportion was largest in Hungary (77%) and among women, in Belgium (54%). Assuming that differences in cancer incidence are not attributable to genetic susceptibility or diagnostic activity, about 50% of all cases of these 11 cancers could be potentially avoided, especially by decreased smoking among men. Interventions directed at reducing smoking, obesity and alcohol use as well as increasing physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake are necessary to attain lower incidence rates. It is important to recognize that the actual preventable cancer by eliminating currently known risk factors is somewhat less than we have estimated. ' 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Selected Chronic Disease 'Risk Factors' in Two Elementary School Populations

Williams¹

1979

Am J Dis Child

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Contribution of the Environment to Cancer Incidence: An Epidemiologic Exercise

Cited by 427 publications

References 0 publications

Pattern of Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Personal Experience Based on the Management of 1000 Patients.

Pattern of Cancer in Saudi Arabia: A Personal Experience Based on the Management of 1000 Patients.

Excess of cancers in Europe: A study of eleven major cancers amenable to lifestyle change

Selected Chronic Disease 'Risk Factors' in Two Elementary School Populations

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