Contribution of Sp1 to initiation of transcription of angiotensinogen

Rohrwasser, Andreas; Zhang, Shuhua; Dillon, Harrison F.; Inoue, Ituro; Callaway, Christopher W.; Hillas, Elaine; Lalouel, Jean-Marc

doi:10.1007/s100380200034

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…TBX4 is known to be regulated by SOX9, variants in which influence lung function specifically in smokers 39 . Additionally, genes showing a GxE interaction for blood pressure medication are enriched in binding of SP1, which is known to respond to antihypertensive drugs 40 and regulates angiotensin receptor transcription 41,42 .…”

Section: We Tested For Eagle Associations Between 30 Environmental Famentioning

confidence: 99%

Allele-specific expression reveals interactions between genetic variation and environment

Knowles

Davis

Raj

et al. 2015

Preprint

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Section: We Tested For Eagle Associations Between 30 Environmental Famentioning

confidence: 99%

Allele-specific expression reveals interactions between genetic variation and environment

Knowles

Davis

Raj

et al. 2015

Preprint

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“…Therefore, the picture relating promoter variants to expression level may ultimately be much more complicated than perhaps originally anticipated. Moreover, because many of the functional studies reported to date have focused almost exclusively on cells derived from the liver, and only a few have examined AGT expression from other cellular sources, 68,69 it is likely that the true complexity has yet to be revealed.…”

Section: A Genetic Link Between Hypertension and Agt?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Basis of Hypertension

2006

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H ypertension is a common and complex human disease that causes significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, despite recent advances in understanding and treating hypertension, its prevalence continues to rise. Across the globe, Ϸ26% of the adult population experiences hypertension, and Kearney et al 1 estimate that this could rise to Ϸ29% by the year 2025. According to the American Heart Association, one third of the United States adult population is hypertensive, and one third of these remain undiagnosed. Hypertension is the most common risk factor for stroke and myocardial infarction and predisposes affected individuals to heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, renal failure, blindness, and other serious medical problems, resulting in Ϸ22 000 deaths each year in the United States.Essential hypertension accounts for Ϸ90% of hypertensive cases and is the 13th leading cause of death in the United States. Factors that may predispose a person to essential hypertension include weight, age, sex, ethnicity, physical activity, diet, cigarette smoke, stress, hormones, other medical conditions (eg, diabetes), and, of course, genetics. Indeed, studies of ambulatory blood pressure measurements in twins suggest that essential hypertension has a strong genetic component. 2 However, the fact that patients often differentially respond to diverse classes of antihypertensive medications indicates that the etiology of hypertension likely varies considerably among patients, especially when large populations are considered. 3 Consequently, researchers must attempt to tease out what must be a dynamic interplay among heterogeneous genetic backgrounds, diverse environmental factors, and differential etiologies in the pathogenesis of this disorder, all of which make attempts to understand the genetic basis of hypertension a challenge.In this review, we will revisit the evidence supporting or refuting an association of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene with hypertension. We will begin by describing the basics of the AGT gene and protein, followed by some of the known physiological roles of the classical and tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in blood pressure regulation. A rationale for the implication of AGT in essential hypertension will be subsequently presented, emphasizing the role of linkage analyses and association studies. Particular attention will be given to the role of AGT gene polymorphisms in the etiology of essential hypertension. The reader is forewarned, however, that interpretation of the hypertension genetics literature is complicated, because it is replete with apparently conflicting results obtained largely from association studies using the case-control design. Whereas some of the disagreement among reports must arise from the factors discussed above (ie, genetic, etiologic, and environmental heterogeneity), a substantial proportion may be because of poorly defined inclusion criteria or inadequate appreciation of the importance of statistical power and replication. A critical review of the topic s...

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