Contribution of sex, sports and activity types and curriculum load distribution to intracurricular injury risk in physical education teacher education: a cohort study

Abstract

ObjectivesTo investigate the influence of sports/activity types and their distribution over the curriculum years on intracurricular injury risk differences between curriculum years and sexes in Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) studies.MethodsIn a cohort study over 14 years (2000–2014), injuries reported at the medical facility of a Dutch vocational institute by PETE students who completed their full curriculum were registered. Intracurricular injury rates (IR) per 1000 hours and 95% CIs were calculated per sport, sex and curriculum year and compared with injury rate ratios (RR) and 95% CI. Exposure times per sports category per curriculum year were compared with the χ2 test.ResultsIntracurricular IR was highest for gymnastics, team ball sports and track and field (0.76–1.23, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.45). IRs were higher for female compared with male students (RR 2.38, 95% CI 1.97 to 2.87). Comparisons for all individual sports and for all three curriculum years showed the same pattern. IR for the first year was higher than for the second (RR 1.79, 95% CI 1.45 to 2.21) and third year (RR 2.74, 95% CI 2.13 to 3.54) with similar patterns for all sports categories. Over the curriculum years, exposure time distributions per sport showed small differences (p<0.001, Cramer’s V=0.07).ConclusionCurriculum year, sex and sports types are risk factors to be independently targeted for preventive and rehabilitative measures in PETE studies. The nature and aetiology of injuries in mixed sports, and the adaption to increased loads in first-year and female PETE students, need further investigation.

Injuries in Physical Education Teacher Students: Differences between Sex, Curriculum Year, Setting, and Sports

“…However, female athletes sustained a signifcantly larger part of their injuries (64.6%) during intracurricular activities than male students (48.2%). Tis is in line with the higher overall intracurricular injury risk we found for females compared to male PETE students (rate ratio female to male: 2.38, 95% CI 1.97 to 2.87) who completed their full curriculum [19]. In Flemish freshman PETE students, a comparable but nonsignifcant higher intracurricular injury risk was found for female students, whereas in extracurricular injuries, it was the other way around [4].…”

“…For these thigh injuries and for (knee and lower leg) gradual onset injuries, the effect of load management and distribution over the curriculum years needs investigation. The higher injury risk for female students [ 12 , 19 ], irrespective of injury location, could further be targeted with a reduction of their physical load compared to male students. The high contribution of (extracurricular) team sports to acute ankle and knee injuries implies the need to investigate existing sports-specific preventive programs in PETE students [ 11 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Curriculum Program Models for Embedding Character Values for Students

“…Intracurricular activities are the main school programs that are systematic, scheduled, and structured (Faisol et al, 2019;Sulistiawati & Nasution, 2022). Dominant intracurricular activities are carried out in classrooms with formal subject materials using books and supporting media such as laboratory equipment (Lestari & Sukanti, 2016) to encourage the development of students' academic skills through learning (Barendrecht et al, 2022;Muslim, 2021). Extracurricular activities are informal learning programs providing materials that are adaptive to the trends, demands, and needs of the present era.…”