Contribution of seed banks across Europe towards the 2020 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation targets, assessed through the ENSCONET database

Rivière, Stéphane; Müller, Jonas V.

doi:10.1017/s0030605316001496

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In contrast, the high genetic differentiation that was observed between seed collections from different regions rather suggests that gathering seeds from regions that are part of a wide geographical range should result in a higher increase in genetic diversity in the ex situ seed bank. These findings align with Rivière and Müller (2017) who provided evidence for common intraspecific sampling gaps in ex situ seed collections and argued that a more extensive sampling of the diversity across multiple biogeographic regions is required to fill these gaps. Prioritized sampling locations for seeds of M. balbisiana are especially located in its natural distribution area, and more specifically in its region of origin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Genetic diversity and core subset selection inex situseed collections of the banana crop wild relativeMusa balbisiana

Bawin

Panis²,

Abeele

et al. 2019

Plant Genet. Resour.

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Crop wild relatives (CWRs) play a key role in crop breeding by providing beneficial trait characteristics for improvement of related crops. CWRs are more efficiently used in breeding if the plant material is genetically characterized, but the diversity in CWR genetic resources has often poorly been assessed. Seven seed collections of Musa balbisiana, an important CWR of dessert and cooking bananas, originating from three natural populations, two feral populations and two ex situ field collections were retrieved and their genetic diversity was quantified using 18 microsatellite markers to select core subsets that conserve the maximum genetic diversity. The highest genetic diversity was observed in the seed collections from natural populations of Yunnan, a region that is part of M. balbisiana's centre of origin. The seeds from the ex situ field collections were less genetically diverse, but contained unique variation with regards to the diversity in all seed collections. Seeds from feral populations displayed low genetic diversity. Core subsets that maximized genetic distance incorporated almost no seeds from the ex situ field collections. In contrast, core subsets that maximized allelic richness contained seeds from the ex situ field collections. We recommend the conservation and additional collection of seeds from natural populations, preferentially originating from the species' region of origin, and from multiple individuals in one population. We also suggest that the number of seeds used for ex situ seed bank regeneration must be much higher for the seed collections from natural populations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Genetic diversity and core subset selection inex situseed collections of the banana crop wild relativeMusa balbisiana

Bawin

Panis²,

Abeele

et al. 2019

Plant Genet. Resour.

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“…Seeds of Success and the US Center for Plant Conservation are native seed collection programs coordinated by multiple USDA Agricultural Research Service seed storage facilities and partner institutions to collect threatened species and develop ecological restoration initiatives in the United States (Galbraith & Kennedy 2006;Haidet & Olwell 2015). In Europe, the European Native Seed Conservation Network (ENSCONET) operated during 2005-2009 and updated an ENSCONET Consortium in 2010, which had included 63% of threatened species in seed banks and 48% available for restoration programs by the end of 2016 (Rivière & Müller 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex situ conservation of threatened plants in Brazil: a strategic plan to achieve Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

et al. 2018

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With increasing rates of habitat destruction and species loss, ex situ conservation is gaining global momentum and reluctance in relying on ex situ conservation is rapidly giving way to a more optimistic, strategic view. Target 8 of the Global Strategy of Plant Conservation calls for at least 75 percent of threatened plant species in accessible ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and 20 percent of them included in recovery and restoration programs. Here, we provide updated information on Brazil's progress towards Target 8 through a nationwide examination of how many threatened species were conserved in ex situ collections in Brazil. Our data comprised whole plants (living collections), seed (seed banks) and tissue cultures (in vitro). Of the 2,113 threatened species, at least 452 (21.4%) species were conserved in ex situ collections, an increase in 4% of living organisms and 96% of seeds when compared to a previous assessment. Since it is unlikely Brazil will achieve Target 8 by 2020, we also discuss public policies and strategies to help overcome key bottlenecks preventing its achievement and propose revised goals for the GSPC 2020-2030.

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“…In Europe, a detailed analysis of the seed bank holdings of members of the European Native Seed Conservation Network (ENSCONET) Consortium has shown that 688 of the 913 species (75.36%) included on a combined checklist of CWR and medicinal plants are held in these collections. 6 However, as is often the case with living collections, further analysis of the data showed that the infra-specific diversity of some of the collections was low, with 466 species being represented by less than four accessions.…”

Section: Botanic Gardens and Plant Genetic Resources For Food And Agrmentioning

confidence: 91%

Botanic Gardens Complement Agricultural Gene Bank in Collecting and Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity

O’Donnell

Sharrock

2018

Biopreservation and Biobanking

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Originating in Europe in the 16th century, botanic gardens are found in nearly every country in the world. Botanic gardens have had various roles during this time, including as physic gardens, as adaptation centers for commercial crops, as pleasure gardens, and more recently as conservation institutions. The role of botanic gardens in the conservation of Crop Wild Relatives is becoming increasingly important. At least 6000 taxa related to 68 crop genera are maintained by the world's botanic gardens with several gardens having specialist collections. The extent of infra-specific genetic diversity of these Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (PGRFA) being conserved is currently unknown, although based on existing evidence it is likely to be low. However, these PGRFA collections, through display and education, play a significant role in linking the public to important issues, including food security and the need to conserve crop diversity. Today there are some 2700 botanic gardens in existence, and they are visited by over 500 million people every year. The majority of these gardens are found in temperate regions. At least 30% of all known plant species are found in botanic garden collections, including 41% of threatened species. These ex situ collections are conserved in a variety of ways, including as seed bank collections. Around 350 botanic gardens together maintain seed collections of 57,000 taxa. These seed bank collections have a variety of uses, including for research and reintroduction.

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Contribution of seed banks across Europe towards the 2020 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation targets, assessed through the ENSCONET database

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic diversity and core subset selection inex situseed collections of the banana crop wild relativeMusa balbisiana

Genetic diversity and core subset selection inex situseed collections of the banana crop wild relativeMusa balbisiana

Ex situ conservation of threatened plants in Brazil: a strategic plan to achieve Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation

Botanic Gardens Complement Agricultural Gene Bank in Collecting and Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity

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