Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Dong, Nai-Qian; Lin, Hong-Xuan

doi:10.1111/jipb.13054

Cited by 587 publications

(350 citation statements)

References 334 publications

(486 reference statements)

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“…This process is mediated by isoflavone conjugates-hydrolyzing beta-glucosidase (ICHG) present in the apoplasts [22]. In addition to isoflavone biosynthesis, the phenylpropanoid pathway is involved in the synthesis of lignins, stilbene, phlobaphenes, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins through specific branches [23,24]. The differences in isoflavone accumulation among several soybean varieties result from genetic and environmental interactions, which regulatory mechanisms remain unclear.…”

Section: Isoflavone Biosynthesis and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on the Beneficial Effects of Soybean Isoflavones and Their Metabolites for Humans

Kim

2021

Antioxidants

122

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Soybeans are rich in proteins and lipids and have become a staple part of the human diet. Besides their nutritional excellence, they have also been shown to contain various functional components, including isoflavones, and have consequently received increasing attention as a functional food item. Isoflavones are structurally similar to 17-β-estradiol and bind to estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ). The estrogenic activity of isoflavones ranges from a hundredth to a thousandth of that of estrogen itself. Isoflavones play a role in regulating the effects of estrogen in the human body, depending on the situation. Thus, when estrogen is insufficient, isoflavones perform the functions of estrogen, and when estrogen is excessive, isoflavones block the estrogen receptors to which estrogen binds, thus acting as an estrogen antagonist. In particular, estrogen antagonistic activity is important in the breast, endometrium, and prostate, and such antagonistic activity suppresses cancer occurrence. Genistein, an isoflavone, has cancer-suppressing effects on estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) cancers, including breast cancer. It suppresses the function of enzymes such as tyrosine protein kinase, mitogen-activated kinase, and DNA polymerase II, thus inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. Genistein is the most biologically active and potent isoflavone candidate for cancer prevention. Furthermore, among the various physiological functions of isoflavones, they are best known for their antioxidant activities. S-Equol, a metabolite of genistein and daidzein, has strong antioxidative effects; however, the ability to metabolize daidzein into S-equol varies based on racial and individual differences. The antioxidant activity of isoflavones may be effective in preventing dementia by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Alzheimer’s-related tau proteins. Genistein also reduces allergic responses by limiting the expression of mast cell IgE receptors, which are involved in allergic responses. In addition, they have been known to prevent and treat various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndromes, osteoporosis, diabetes, brain-related diseases, high blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and inflammation. Further, it also has positive effects on menstrual irregularity in non-menopausal women and relieving menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women. Recently, soybean consumption has shown steep increasing trend in Western countries where the intake was previously only 1/20–1/50 of that in Asian countries. In this review, I have dealt with the latest research trends that have shown substantial interest in the biological efficacy of isoflavones in humans and plants, and their related mechanisms.

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Section: Isoflavone Biosynthesis and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Perspectives on the Beneficial Effects of Soybean Isoflavones and Their Metabolites for Humans

Kim

2021

Antioxidants

122

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“…As a source of biotic stress, plant chemical compounds formed by signaling molecules from living organisms, as well as nutrient deficiency, water, and salt as an abiotic stressor may influence plant enzymatic pathways, altering the content of secondary metabolites (Pate, 1994 ; Gorelick and Bernstein, 2014 , 2017 ; André, et al, 2020 ). That said, stress responses impact secondary metabolites such as alkaloids (Balsevich, et al, 1986 ; Facchini, 2001 ), terpenes (Trapp and Croteau, 2001 ; Pichersky and Raguso, 2018 ), and phenylpropanoids (Dixon and Paiva, 1995 ; Sharma, et al, 2019 ; Dong and Lin, 2021 ). Cannabis plants have attracted much attention for medical uses due to the importance of secondary metabolites, for which demand increased in the last decade following the discovery of the main compound present in Cannabis sativa — cannabinoids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential impacts of soil microbiota manipulation on secondary metabolites production in cannabis

Ahmed

Hijri

2021

J Cannabis Res

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Background Cannabis growing practices and particularly indoor cultivation conditions have a great influence on the production of cannabinoids. Plant-associated microbes may affect nutrient acquisition by the plant. However, beneficial microbes influencing cannabinoid biosynthesis remain largely unexplored and unexploited in cannabis production. Objective To summarize study outcomes on bacterial and fungal communities associated with cannabis using high-throughput sequencing technologies and to uncover microbial interactions, species diversity, and microbial network connections that potentially influence secondary metabolite production in cannabis. Materials and method A mini review was conducted including recent publications on cannabis and their associated microbiota and secondary metabolite production. Results In this review, we provide an overview of the potential role of the soil microbiome in production of cannabinoids, and discussed that manipulation of cannabis-associated microbiome obtained through soil amendment interventions of diversified microbial communities sourced from natural forest soil could potentially help producers of cannabis to improve yields of cannabinoids and enhance the balance of cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) proportions. Conclusion Cannabis is one of the oldest cultivated crops in history, grown for food, fiber, and drugs for thousands of years. Extension of genetic variation in cannabis has developed into wide-ranging varieties with various complementary phenotypes and secondary metabolites. For medical or pharmaceutical purposes, the ratio of CBD to THC is key. Therefore, studying soil microbiota associated with cannabis and its potential impact on secondary metabolites production could be useful when selecting microorganisms as bioinoculant agents for enhanced organic cannabinoid production.

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“…However, kaempferol have no signi cant changes in the present research. Dong et al (Dong and Lin 2021) have studied that kaempferol is produced in the process of avonoid biosynthesis and requires the participation of avonol synthase (FLS), which acts on dihydro avonols to produce avonols such as kaempferol. Furthermore, Guo et al (Guo et al 2019) have reported that F3'H and F3'5'H can promote the accumulation of quercetin, and F3'H plays a leading role in this process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Phragmites Australis Response to Copper Exposure Using Physiologic，FTIR and Metabolomic Approaches

Gao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background and aim Phragmites australis is a landscape plant with phytoremediation functions that is widely planted worldwide. However, little is known about the metabolomic background of the resistance mechanisms of Phragmites to heavy metals during its growth and development. Methods Here, we performed copper stress studies on Phragmites and monitored physiological indicators such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and electrolyte leakage (EL). In addition, FTIR was used to study chemical composition changes in the roots, stems and leaves of Phragmites seedlings under excessive copper stress. Furthermore, LC-MS technology combined with metabolomics data processing software was used to analyze the metabolic profile of samples.Result Copper contributed to the accumulation of MDA and EL. And the results of FTIR showed that the antioxidant effects of flavonoids and amino acids can be used by Phragmites leaf tissue to improve the tolerance of copper under 5 mg/L concentration. Further, the results of metabolomics reflected that Phragmites can improve its resistance to copper by increasing the accumulation of arginine and ayarin in the body. The former is accumulated through two pathways: the citrulline decomposition and conversion pathway and the circular pathway composed of ornithine, citrulline, L-Argininosuccinate and arginine. The latter is synthesized through the quercetin methylation pathway.Conclusion This study provides insights into the resistance mechanism and repair performance of Phragmites and other plant accumulators in response to copper stress.

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Contribution of phenylpropanoid metabolism to plant development and plant–environment interactions

Cited by 587 publications

References 334 publications

Current Perspectives on the Beneficial Effects of Soybean Isoflavones and Their Metabolites for Humans

Current Perspectives on the Beneficial Effects of Soybean Isoflavones and Their Metabolites for Humans

Potential impacts of soil microbiota manipulation on secondary metabolites production in cannabis

Investigating Phragmites Australis Response to Copper Exposure Using Physiologic，FTIR and Metabolomic Approaches

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