Contribution of OFDM modulation to improve the performance of non-coherent OCDMA system based on a new variable weight zero cross correlation code

Boosted dipper throated optimization algorithm-based Xception neural network for skin cancer diagnosis: An optimal approach

“…These outcomes served as compelling evidence of the superior detection skills of the suggested BDTO/Xception model within the field of skin cancer diagnosis, surpassing alternative methods, such as SSA [ 3 ], ELM/TLBO [ 4 ], MAFBUZO [ 5 ], and ROI/HHOA [ 6 ]. Consequently, the proposed model represented a significant advancement in cancer recognition of skin.…”

“…Skin cancer manifests in three primary forms, including melanoma, BCC (Basal Cell Carcinoma), and SCC (Squamous Cell Carcinoma). BCC and SCC, collectively denoted to Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers (NMSC), are the most prevalent and comparatively less aggressive types [ 3 ]. Conversely, melanoma represents the rarest and most perilous form of skin cancer, characterized by its propensity to rapidly metastasize to other organs, possibly resulting in fatal consequences once not promptly detected and cured [ 4 ].…”

Massive capacity of novel three‐dimensional OCDMA‐FSO system for next generation of high‐data wireless networks

“…To further clarify the cross-correlation of 3D-SW coding feature, the characteristic matrices B (d) = B (0) , B (1) , … B (7) are provided as follows 2 : (4) (g,h,l) R (5) (g,h,l) R (6) (g,h,l) R (7) (g,h,l)…”

“…The OCDMA system has become a technique attracting most international researchers due to its increased simultaneous transmission ability, high communication security, simple architecture, and good bandwidth exploitation, allowing for the assignment of a unique signature to each user while using the entire system's bandwidth. [1][2][3] Regarding optical codes, there are two types: zero cross-correlation codes (ZCCC) and non-zero cross-correlation codes (N-ZCCC). ZCCCs provide good performance due to the missing inter-user interference, which eliminates phase-induced intensity noise (PIIN) and the influence of multi-user interference (MUI).…”

“…Nowadays, the present development of optical networks involves the need to improve the quality of service (QoS), transmission speed, and optical network simultaneous transmission. The OCDMA system has become a technique attracting most international researchers due to its increased simultaneous transmission ability, high communication security, simple architecture, and good bandwidth exploitation, allowing for the assignment of a unique signature to each user while using the entire system's bandwidth 1–3 …”