Contribution of Neutrophil Activation in the Differentiation of Urine Infection and Contamination in Pregnant Women

Şahin, Kazım; Dilek, Aziz Ramazan; Güven, Emine Seda Güvendağ; Yazıcı, Zihni Açar

doi:10.1159/000381898

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…High nutritional requirements, hormonal, and immunological changes during pregnancy make pregnant women susceptible to various infections (Meijer et al, 2015; Sahin et al, 2015). Several rodent models have been established to study the epidemiological associations between maternal infection during pregnancy and enhanced risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal vaginal inflammation increases anxiety and alters HPA axis signalling in adult male mice

Wang

Pei²,

Ridong

et al. 2019

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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Background Maternal infection during pregnancy is known to adversely affect foetal development, but previous studies have rarely investigated the impact of gynaecological diseases during pregnancy on offspring during adulthood. Vaginitis is one of the most prevalent gynaecological diseases during pregnancy. Methods The effect of maternal vaginal inflammation on offspring was simulated by inducing maternal vaginal infection. We performed a transvaginal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in pregnant mice to induce vaginitis and investigated their offspring by means of behavioural tests and molecular and cellular measurements. Results Behavioural tests revealed that the offspring of mothers transvaginally injected with LPS exhibited sex‐dependent differences. Male offspring showed increased anxiety‐related behaviours, including reduced time exploring the open arm in the elevated plus maze test and light chamber in the light‐dark box test. Serum levels of corticosterone were increased in LPS male offspring, indicating activation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis. Corticotropin‐releasing hormone (CRH) protein expression and c‐Fos positive cells were increased in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in LPS male offspring, which presented with an increased number of microglia. Conclusion This study suggests that prenatal vaginal infection increases anxiety‐like behaviour in male offspring, possibly via activation of the HPA axis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal maternal vaginal inflammation increases anxiety and alters HPA axis signalling in adult male mice

Wang

Pei²,

Ridong

et al. 2019

Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience

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“…OS causes molecular modifications such as carbonylation of human serum albumin and the formation of advanced glycation end products and advanced oxidized protein products. [ 52 ] In this study, serum albumin not only was lower in APN patients than in those with L-UTI, but also correlated negatively with AreaCD, UptakeCD, CRP, WBC, ESR, and Aldo. Thus, it is suggested that this finding may be related to the effects of OS in the pathogenesis of APN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Antinatriuretic phenomena seen in children with acute pyelonephritis may be related to the activation of intrarenal RAAS

Lee

Jang²,

Rhie³

2018

Medicine

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We investigated whether antinatriuretic phenomena [decreases in urinary sodium (uNa) and fractional excretion of sodium (FENa)] seen in children with acute pyelonephritis (APN) are associated with the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS).We examined 114 children experiencing their first episode of febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) consecutively admitted to our hospital from July 2012 to June 2014. Blood tests [C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and aldosterone (Aldo)] and urine tests [uNa, urine potassium (uK) and FENa] were performed upon admission. All enrolled children underwent a 99m-dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scanning (DMSA) at admission. Areas with cortical defects (AreaCD) and uptake counts (UptakeCD) on their DMSA scans were calculated. Data were compared between children with positive DMSA results (APN), lower urinary tract infection (L-UTI), and controls; and between children with high and low Aldo levels.uNa, uNa/K, and FENa negatively correlated with AreaCD%, UptakeCD, and Aldo; were significantly lower in APN patients than in LUTIs and controls regardless of Aldo level; were lower in the high Aldo group than in the low Aldo group. However, there is no difference in AreaCD% and UptakeCD between APN children with the high and low Aldo level.Decreases in uNa, uNa/K, and FENa in children with APN may result from an antinatriuretic effect of RAAS and be related to the activation of the intrarenal RAAS.

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What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?

et al. 2023

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Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) affects half of women at least once in their lifetime. Current diagnosis involves urinary dipstick and urine culture, yet both methods have modest diagnostic accuracy, and cannot support decision-making in patient populations with high prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, such as older adults. Detecting biomarkers of host response in the urine of hosts has the potential to improve diagnosis. Objectives: To synthesise the evidence of the diagnostic accuracy of novel biomarkers for UTI, and of their ability to differentiate UTI from asymptomatic bacteriuria. Design: A systematic review. Data Sources and Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Web of Science for studies of novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of UTI. We excluded studies assessing biomarkers included in urine dipsticks as these have been well described previously. We included studies of adult patients (≥16 years) with a suspected or confirmed urinary tract infection using microscopy and culture as the reference standard. We excluded studies using clinical signs and symptoms, or urine dipstick only as a reference standard. Quality appraisal was performed using QUADAS-2. We summarised our data using point estimates and data accuracy statistics. Results: We included 37 studies on 4009 adults measuring 66 biomarkers. Study quality was limited by case-control design and study size; only 4 included studies had a prospective cohort design. IL-6 and IL-8 were the most studied biomarkers. We found plausible evidence to suggest that IL-8, IL-6, GRO-a, sTNF-1, sTNF-2 and MCR may benefit from more rigorous evaluation of their potential diagnostic value for UTI. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to recommend the use of any novel biomarker for UTI diagnosis at present. Further evaluation of the more promising candidates, is needed before they can be recommended for clinical use.

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Contribution of Neutrophil Activation in the Differentiation of Urine Infection and Contamination in Pregnant Women

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Prenatal maternal vaginal inflammation increases anxiety and alters HPA axis signalling in adult male mice

Prenatal maternal vaginal inflammation increases anxiety and alters HPA axis signalling in adult male mice

Antinatriuretic phenomena seen in children with acute pyelonephritis may be related to the activation of intrarenal RAAS

What is the Diagnostic Accuracy of Novel Urine Biomarkers for Urinary Tract Infection?

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