Contribution of intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring to the surgical success in minimal invasive parathyroidectomy

Akgün, İsmail; Unlu, Mehmet Taner; Aygün, Nurcihan; Kostek, Mehmet; Uludağ, Mehmet

doi:10.3389/fsurg.2022.1024350

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…According to the results of our last study, if intraoperative PTH had been evaluated in these patients during the operation, the cure rate in the first operation could have been increased by approximately 4.3% by expanding the exploration in persistent patients. [ 10 ] The long-term cure rates of Groups 1 and 2 were similar due to recurrences during follow-up in Group 1 (98.3% vs. 94.8%, respectively, p=0.079). The BNE rate in our study was 33.4%, which was similar to the 26.9–40% BNE rates reported in other large series.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The role of bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism in the minimally invasive parathyroidectomy era

Unlu¹

2022

Sisli Etfal

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Objectives: In recent years, together with the contribution of new imaging methods, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) has become the standard procedure in selected patients with the primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). However, some patients may still need bilateral neck exploration (BNE). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the necessity of BNE. Methods: Data of the patients, operated by same single surgeon in between 2010 and 2019, were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups as MIP group (group 1) and BNE group (group 2). The risk factors associated with necessity of BNE were evaluated. Results: Three hundred and forty-four patients (288 females and 56 males) were included in study. The mean age was 54.1±12.8. Pre-operative parathormone level (288 pg/mL vs. 190 pg/mL, p<0.001; respectively), compatible, inconsistent and negative imaging on scintigraphy (82.5% vs. 28.7%, 9.6% vs. 19.1, 7.9% vs. 52.25%, p<0.001; respectively), compatible, inconsistent and negative imaging in ultrasonography (USG) (72.9% vs. 20%, 7% vs. 19.1%, 20.1% vs 60.9%, p<0.001; respectively) in combination of USG and scintigraphy, two positive, single positive and negative imaging (72.5% vs. 11.3%, 25.8% vs. 55.7%, 1.7 vs. 33%, p<0.001; respectively), single adenoma, double adenoma, hyperplasia rates in pathology (96.1% vs. 79.1%, 3.1% vs. 12.2%, 0.9% vs. 8.7%, p<0.001; respectively), concomitant thyroidectomy (11.4% vs. 38.3%, p<0.001; respectively), diameter of the removed gland (2.03 vs. 1.58 cm, p<0.001; respectively), and volume of the removed gland (2.27 vs. 1.22 cm 3 , p<0.001; respectively), were significantly different in group 1 compared to group 2. Low pre-operative parathormone, discordant pathological gland localization compared to pathological gland compatible with scintigraphy images (odds ratio [OR]: 3.690; p=0.027), negative scintigraphy images (OR: 9.174, p=0.000), and need for additional thyroidectomy (OR: 5.067); p=0.000) were determined as independent risk factors increasing the need for BNE in the multinomial logistic regression analysis. Long-term cure rates were similar (98.3% vs. 94.8%, p=0.079; respectively). Conclusion: At present, BNE may be necessary in the surgical treatment of a significant proportion of patients with pHPT. According to our results, the possibility of BNE requirement is higher in patients with low PTH level compared to pre-operative high PTH values, in patients with discordant and negative scintigraphy compared to positive and compatible scintigraphy, and in patients who will undergo additional thyroidectomy. We think that BNE is not an alternative to MIP, but an effective option that is complementary to MIP to achieve optimal results in parathyroid surgery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

The role of bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism in the minimally invasive parathyroidectomy era

Unlu¹

2022

Sisli Etfal

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“…Also, the rate of nonlocalisation in patients who consequently required a redo of parathyroidectomy is higher; thus, parathyroid vein sampling was proposed as an intra-operatory additional method for those subjects with a negative pre-operatory imaging diagnosis in recurrent/persistent PHP [57]. Of note, intra-operatory PTH monitoring or assessments (as we used in our case, too) represent an essential clue for the parathyroidectomy success [58,59].…”

Section: Concordance Of Pre-operatory Localisation Studies In Phpmentioning

confidence: 89%

Pitfalls of DualTracer 99m-Technetium (Tc) Pertechnetate and Sestamibi Scintigraphy before Parathyroidectomy: Between Primary-Hyperparathyroidism-Associated Parathyroid Tumour and Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

Carsote,

Stanciu,

Popa

et al. 2023

Medicina

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Diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is based on blood assessments in terms of synchronous high calcium and PTH (parathormone), but further management, particularly parathyroid surgery that provides the disease cure in 95–99% of cases, requires an adequate localisation of the parathyroid tumour/tumours as the originating source, with ultrasound and 99m-Technetium (99m-Tc) sestamibi scintigraphy being the most widely used. We aimed to introduce an adult female case diagnosed with PHP displaying unexpected intra-operatory findings (ectopic thyroid tissue) in relation to concordant pre-operatory imaging modalities (ultrasound + dual-phase 99m-Tc pertechnetate and sestamibi scintigraphy + computed tomography) that indicated bilateral inferior parathyroid tumours. A sudden drop in PTH following the removal of the first tumour was the clue for performing an extemporaneous exam for the second mass that turned out to be non-malignant ectopic thyroid tissue. We overviewed some major aspects starting from this case in point: the potential pitfalls of pre-operatory imaging in PHP; the concordance/discordance of pre-parathyroidectomy localisation modalities; the need of using an additional intra-operatory procedure; and the clues of providing a distinction between pathological parathyroids and thyroid tissue. This was a case of adult PHP, whereas triple localisation methods were used before parathyroidectomy, showing concordant results; however, the second parathyroid adenoma was a false positive image and an ectopic thyroid tissue was confirmed. The pre-operatory index of suspicion was non-existent in this patient. Hybrid imaging modalities are most probably required if both thyroid and parathyroid anomalies are suspected, but, essentially, awareness of the potential pitfalls is mandatory from the endocrine and surgical perspectives. Current gaps in imaging knowledge to guide us in this area are expected to be solved by the significant progress in functional imaging modalities. However, the act of surgery, including the decision of a PTH assay or extemporaneous exam (as seen in our case), represents the key to a successful removal procedure. Moreover, many parathyroid surgeons may currently perform 4-gland exploration routinely, precisely to avoid the shortcomings of preoperative localisation.

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“…The most important reason for surgical failure in this study was the failure of two imaging to detect multi gland disease. [ 23 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship of Negative Imaging Result and Surgical Success Rate in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

Unlu¹

2023

Sisli Etfal

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Objectives: In present, the effect of pre-operative negative imaging results on surgical outcomes of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is still controversial. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-operative imaging on surgical outcomes. Methods: The data of pHPT patients who were operated between 2009 and 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided three groups according to scintigraphy and/or ultrasonography results: Group 1; both imaging positive, Group 2; single imaging positive, and Group 3; patients in whom both imaging modalities are negative. Pre-operative biochemical characteristics, parathyroid pathologies, diameter and volume of the pathological gland, surgery rates, persistence, and recurrent disease rates of the groups were compared. Results: Of 311 patients (258F, 53M) with a mean follow-up period of 24.7±18 months and a mean age of 54.1±12.9 years; 161 were in Group 1, 111 were in Group 2, and 39 were in Group 3. The diameter of pathological gland (2.1±0.8, 1.6±0.9, 1.5±0.7 cm; p<0.001; in Group 1,2,3 respectively) and the volume of pathological gland (2±3.2, 1.4±2.9, 1.1±2.2 cm 3 ; p<0.001; in Group 1,2,3, respectively) in Group 1; the rate of multi gland disease (5.7%, 11%, 21%; p=0.024; in Group 1, 2, 3, respectively) in Group 3 were significantly higher. In the 1, 2, 3 group; bilateral exploration rates were 93.2%, 48.6%, and 5.1%, and focused surgery or unilateral exploration rates were 6.8%, 51.4%, and 94.9%, respectively, with a significant difference (p<0.001). After the first surgery, the cure rate was 91.3%, 93.7%, and 89.7%, and the persistent patient rate was 7.5%, 3.6%, and 10.3% in Groups 1,2,3, respectively, and there was no significant difference. At the end of the follow-up period after secondary intervention applied in persistent and recurrent patients, the overall cure rate was 97.4%, 96.4%, and 97.4%, persistent disease rate 1.3%, 1.8%, and 2.6%, recurrent disease rate 1.3%, 1.8%, and 0%, respectively. Conclusion: In imaging-negative patients with pHPT, the possibility of multi gland disease and smaller pathological glands should be considered at the time of surgery. Surgery in imaging-negative patients can be performed with a similar and acceptable cure rate to imaging-positive patients.

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Contribution of intraoperative parathyroid hormone monitoring to the surgical success in minimal invasive parathyroidectomy

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

The role of bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism in the minimally invasive parathyroidectomy era

The role of bilateral neck exploration for primary hyperparathyroidism in the minimally invasive parathyroidectomy era

Pitfalls of DualTracer 99m-Technetium (Tc) Pertechnetate and Sestamibi Scintigraphy before Parathyroidectomy: Between Primary-Hyperparathyroidism-Associated Parathyroid Tumour and Ectopic Thyroid Tissue

The Relationship of Negative Imaging Result and Surgical Success Rate in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

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