Contribution of Integrated Urban Agriculture to Household Income: A Case of Kinondoni Municipality, Tanzania

Abstract

Purpose: Urban farmers make effi cient utilization of resources by integrating crop-livestockfi sh subsectors to maximize accrued benefi ts. However, types of integration practices adopted and associated income outcome are still undocumented. Thus this study specifi cally assessed the types of integrated urban agriculture (IUA) mostly practiced by farmers, types of livelihood strategies adopted simultaneously with IUA and its contribution to total household income. Research Method: The study adopted cross-sectional research design. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 132 respondents. Descriptive statistics employed to assess livelihood strategies prioritised by integrated urban farmers. Multiple linear regression technique was adopted to model factors infl uencing IUA annual income. Findings: The results show that integrated urban agriculture is the most prioritised livelihood strategy to urban farmers. Majority of urban farmers (98.5%) practising integrated farming concentrated on crop-livestock, while fi sh-livestock and crop livestock-fi sh integration adopted only by 0.75% each. This implies that, majority of urban farmers did not practice fi sh sub-sector. Integrated urban agriculture gives average annual income of 2 295 288 TSH (equivalent to 1093$); which was suffi cient for household of six members being above monetary food poverty line per year. Research Limitation: This study focuses on income livelihood indicator; however, farmers can also, benefi t from integrated agriculture through food security, social inclusion and ecology to mention some.

Exploring Urban Agricultural Practices’ Association with Farmers’ Psychosocial Well-Being in Dar Es Salaam and Greater Lomé. A Perceptual Study

“…The data indicates that the income generated by UA is crucial in supporting farmers' psychological well-being [102]. This well-being is particularly evident in Dar es Salaam, where UA is institutionalized, provides a stable income, and contributes to a satisfactory standard of living.…”

Dynamics of the Nature and Value of Urban Agriculture in Arusha City, Tanzania: The Case of Daraja Mbili and Lemala Wards

“…Despite the hurdles urban farmers face in accessing land, water and technical support, they still engage in agriculture (Victor et al, 2018). In Kampala city, the number of urban farmers increases at the rate of two percent per year, but the size of agricultural plots decrease (Sabiiti et al, 2014).…”

“…In Kampala city, the number of urban farmers increases at the rate of two percent per year, but the size of agricultural plots decrease (Sabiiti et al, 2014). The existing farmers and those who join the industry for the first time in Kinondoni (Tanzania) are more than those who quit it (Victor et al, 2018). However little it may be, the amount of income and food farmers get enable them to lessen unemployment and food shortage problems (ibid).…”

“…However, what farmers harvested and earned helped them in terms of optimising their food security and complementing their income. The urban farmers who supplemented their meager income with the little money they got from farming activities were perceived to be creative and better off than those who did not get anything from anywhere else (Kutiwa et al, 2010;Victor et al, 2018). What the urban farmers in Daraja Mbili and Lemala were getting reduced their life hardships.…”

“…It was said that a similar situation existed in urban areas in Tanzania (Mkwela, 2013). In the country, the way urban agriculture is practised, the areas where it is practised, the benefits it provides to farmers and other urban residents, and the effects it has on the urban environment are not similar in all urban areas owing to the dynamism and the extent of urbanisation (Victor et al, 2018).…”