Contribution of genetics to ecological restoration

Mijangos, Jose Luis; Pacioni, Carlo; Spencer, Peter B. S.; Craig, Michael

doi:10.1111/mec.12995

Cited by 145 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…However, recent plant research suggests outbreeding depression and adaptation to be less common than formerly assumed (Edmands 2007; Leimu and Fischer 2008; Mijangos et al. 2015). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does origin always matter? Evaluating the influence of nonlocal seed provenances for ecological restoration purposes in a widespread and outcrossing plant species

Reiker

Schulz

Wissemann

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

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For restoration purposes, nature conservation generally enforces the use of local seed material based on the “local‐is‐best” (LIB) approach. However, in some cases recommendations to refrain from this approach have been made. Here we test if a common widespread species with no obvious signs of local adaptation may be a candidate species for abandoning LIB during restoration. Using 10 microsatellite markers we compared population genetic patterns of the generalist species Daucus carota in indigenous and formerly restored sites (nonlocal seed provenances). Gene diversity overall ranged between H e = 0.67 and 0.86 and showed no significant differences between the two groups. Hierarchical AMOVA and principal component analysis revealed very high genetic population admixture and negligible differentiation between indigenous and restored sites (F CT = 0.002). Moreover, differentiation between groups was caused by only one outlier population, where inbreeding effects are presumed. We therefore conclude that the introduction of nonlocal seed provenances in the course of landscape restoration did not jeopardize regional species persistence by contributing to inbreeding or outbreeding depressions, or any measurable adverse population genetic effect. On the basis of these results, we see no obvious objections to the current practice to use the 10‐fold cheaper, nonlocal seed material of D. carota for restoration projects.

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“…However, recent plant research suggests outbreeding depression and adaptation to be less common than formerly assumed (Edmands 2007; Leimu and Fischer 2008; Mijangos et al. 2015). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does origin always matter? Evaluating the influence of nonlocal seed provenances for ecological restoration purposes in a widespread and outcrossing plant species

Reiker

Schulz

Wissemann

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Mijangos et al . ). Pollinator species diversity and the stability of pollination services can be enhanced by interplanting diverse species mixes in large‐scale field conditions (Ebeling et al .…”

Section: Guidelines For Managing Evolution In Propagation and Restoramentioning

confidence: 97%

Evolution of plant materials for ecological restoration: insights from the applied and basic literature

Espeland

Emery

Mercer

et al. 2016

Journal of Applied Ecology

145

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Summary Restoration is normally conducted with the goal of creating plant populations that establish, survive, successfully reproduce, contribute to ecosystem function and persist in the long term. Restoration often relies on revegetation that, on large scales, requires agronomic increase of native plant materials. During this propagation process, restoration populations are subject to genetic sampling as well as natural and artificial selection that could result in adaptation contrasting sharply with that of native populations. Here we draw on insights from the evolutionary and agricultural literature to illustrate how changes in the amount and type of genetic variation in ex situ repositories (source collections and production farms) could affect plant performance in restoration. The consequences of intentional and/or inadvertent evolutionary modification of restoration materials are discussed with respect to population viability and ecosystem function. Synthesis and applications. We conclude that sampling effects and intentional and unintentional selection during collection, propagation and restoration planting have the potential to diminish restored populations. We describe testing for evolutionary change in plant materials using neutral molecular markers and/or field observations. Six practices, multiple collections through time, multiple collections through space, large effective population size, provenance tracking, promoting gene flow and reducing selection comprise ‘evolutionarily enlightened management’ that decreases the potential for unintentional evolution and maladaptation.

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“…Maintaining evolutionary potential in fragmented landscapes is a common ultimate goal of restoration (Mijangos et al 2015) and this may be aided by offsite preservation of seeds in vaults (Holsinger 1995), and the application of controversial new techniques such as de-extinction (Sherkow and Greely 2013). However, the use of seed vaults, while maintaining the legacy of biodiversity, should not de-emphasize the importance of in situ adaptation that can occur in a changing environment (Schoen andBrown 2001, Leger 2008).…”

Section: Maintaining Evolutionary Potentialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Simultaneous environmental changes challenge biodiversity persistence and human wellbeing. The science and practice of restoration ecology, in collaboration with other disciplines, can contribute to overcoming these challenges. This endeavor requires a solid conceptual foundation based in empirical research which confronts, tests and influences theoretical developments. We review conceptual developments in restoration ecology over the last 30 years. We frame our review in the context of changing restoration goals which reflect increased societal awareness of the scale of environmental degradation and the recognition that inter-disciplinary approaches are needed to tackle environmental problems. Restoration ecology now encompasses facilitative interactions and network dynamics, trophic cascades, and above-and belowground linkages. It operates in a non-equilibrium, alternative states framework, at the landscape scale, and in response to changing environmental, economic and social conditions. Progress has been marked by conceptual advances in the fields of trait-environment relationships, community assembly, and understanding the links between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Conceptual and practical advances have been enhanced by applying evolving technologies, including treatments to increase seed germination and overcome recruitment bottlenecks, high throughput DNA sequencing to elucidate soil community structure and function, and advances in satellite technology and GPS tracking to monitor habitat use. The synthesis of these technologies with systematic reviews of context dependencies in restoration success, model based analyses and consideration of complex socioecological systems will allow generalizations to inform evidence based interventions. Ongoing challenges include setting realistic, socially acceptable goals for restoration under changing environmental conditions, and prioritizing actions in an increasingly space-competitive world. Ethical questions also surround the use of genetically modified material, translocations, taxon substitutions, and de-extinction, in restoration ecology. Addressing these issues, as the Ecological Society of America looks to its next century, will require current and future generations of researchers and practitioners, including economists, engineers, philosophers, landscape architects, social scientists and restoration ecologists, to work together with communities and governments to rise to the environmental challenges of the coming decades.

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Contribution of genetics to ecological restoration

Cited by 145 publications

References 146 publications

Does origin always matter? Evaluating the influence of nonlocal seed provenances for ecological restoration purposes in a widespread and outcrossing plant species

Does origin always matter? Evaluating the influence of nonlocal seed provenances for ecological restoration purposes in a widespread and outcrossing plant species

Evolution of plant materials for ecological restoration: insights from the applied and basic literature

Advances in restoration ecology: rising to the challenges of the coming decades

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