Contribution of galactoglycerolipids to the 3‐dimensional architecture of thylakoids

Demé, Bruno; Cataye, Céline; Block, Maryse A.; Maréchal, Éric; Jouhet, Juliette

doi:10.1096/fj.13-247395

Cited by 143 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Strong repulsion between the negatively charged surfaces can be expected when only monovalent counter ions are available, giving rise to substantial swelling with water even at moderate ambient air humidity. In fact, it was shown recently that the incorporation of negatively charged sulfoglycolipids at even small fractions dramatically extends the swelling range in glycolipid multilayers (29). Although the experimental data are well described by the model based on Eq.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Atom-scale depth localization of biologically important chemical elements in molecular layers

Schneck

Scoppola

Drnec

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In nature, biomolecules are often organized as functional thin layers in interfacial architectures, the most prominent examples being biological membranes. Biomolecular layers play also important roles in context with biotechnological surfaces, for instance, when they are the result of adsorption processes. For the understanding of many biological or biotechnologically relevant phenomena, detailed structural insight into the involved biomolecular layers is required. Here, we use standing-wave X-ray fluorescence (SWXF) to localize chemical elements in solid-supported lipid and protein layers with near-Ångstrom precision. The technique complements traditional specular reflectometry experiments that merely yield the layers' global density profiles. While earlier work mostly focused on relatively heavy elements, typically metal ions, we show that it is also possible to determine the position of the comparatively light elements S and P, which are found in the most abundant classes of biomolecules and are therefore particularly important. With that, we overcome the need of artificial heavy atom labels, the main obstacle to a broader application of high-resolution SWXF in the fields of biology and soft matter. This work may thus constitute the basis for the label-free, element-specific structural investigation of complex biomolecular layers and biological surfaces.surfaces | interfaces | lipid membranes | protein adsorption | X-ray scattering N anometric biomolecular layers in interfacial geometries are key components of biological matter. Biological membranes, for example, are 2D molecular structures composed mainly of lipids and proteins in an aqueous environment (1, 2). Interfacial biomolecular layers are also important from a biotechnological perspective, where surfaces are often designed to selectively promote or prevent the adsorption of bio(macro)molecules from solution (3). To investigate the diverse behavior of biomolecules at interfaces, well-defined planar model systems of biological and biotechnologically relevant interfaces have been established (4, 5). Processes involving biomolecules at interfaces are typically accompanied by a spatial reorganization of molecules, changes in molecular conformations, or the adsorption of molecules in a chemically heterogeneous environment (6). Structural insight on the nanometer scale is therefore of paramount importance.X-ray and neutron scattering are uniquely suited for the structural investigation of biomolecular systems. Specular reflectometry reveals matter density profiles perpendicular to a planar interface. However, it is generally difficult to elucidate molecular conformations and elemental distributions from such "global" density profiles. In contrast, standing-wave X-ray fluorescence (SWXF) allows determining element-specific density profiles across an interface. The SWXF technique is based on the elementcharacteristic fluorescence induced by a standing X-ray wave. The latter is formed by interference of the incident and reflected waves and its shape depends o...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Atom-scale depth localization of biologically important chemical elements in molecular layers

Schneck

Scoppola

Drnec

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The internal standards used were PE 18:0-18:0, DAG 18:0-22:6 (Avanti Polar Lipid), and SQDG 16:0-18:0 extracted from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) thylakoid and hydrogenated as described in other studies (Buseman et al, 2006;Demé et al, 2014). Lipids were separated using HPLC and quantified by MS/MS.…”

Section: Lipid Content and Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Phosphorus Acquisition and Lipid Class Remodeling under P Limitation in a Marine Microalga

et al. 2017

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. Previous studies point to P limitation-induced changes in lipid composition. As, in microalgae, the molecular mechanisms of this specific P stress adaptation remain unresolved, we reveal a detailed phospholipid-recycling scheme in Nannochloropsis oceanica and describe important P acquisition genes based on highly corresponding transcriptome and lipidome data. Initial responses to P limitation showed increased expression of genes involved in P uptake and an expansion of the P substrate spectrum based on purple acid phosphatases. Increase in P trafficking displayed a rearrangement between compartments by supplying P to the chloroplast and carbon to the cytosol for lipid synthesis. We propose a novel phospholipid-recycling scheme for algae that leads to the rapid reduction of phospholipids and synthesis of the P-free lipid classes. P mobilization through membrane lipid degradation is mediated mainly by two glycerophosphoryldiester phosphodiesterases and three patatin-like phospholipases A on the transcriptome level. To compensate for low phospholipids in exponential growth, N. oceanica synthesized sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol and diacylglyceroltrimethylhomoserine. In this study, it was shown that an N. oceanica strain has a unique repertoire of genes that facilitate P acquisition and the degradation of phospholipids compared with other stramenopiles. The novel phospholipid-recycling scheme opens new avenues for metabolic engineering of lipid composition in algae.Phosphorus (P) availability is often a limiting factor in aquatic ecosystems (Van Mooy et al., 2009). In some microalgae, nutrient starvation limits cell division and leads to the accumulation of organic carbon (e.g. in the form of triacylglycerols [TAGs]). To cope with P limitation, the interplay of P recycling and changes in lipid classes is observed in the open sea and in culture studies of several stramenopiles and green algae (Van Mooy et al., 2009;Martin et al., 2011;Cañavate et al., 2017b). These studies showed a taxonomically diverse lipid response under P stress with unresolved questions related to the diversified mechanism behind the lipid responses. So far, only cursory insights into the lipidremodeling process have been provided by either transcriptomic or lipidomic studies on P limitation (Riekhof et al., 2005;Cruz de Carvalho et al., 2016;Shemi et al., 2016;Cañavate et al., 2017b). To capture the taxonomically diverse response and niche partitioning, studies include ecological successful algae, such as Emiliania huxleyi and Thalassiosira pseudonana (Lessard et al., 2005;Van Mooy et al., 2009), and algae featuring high resilience and lipid content during low P, like Phaeodactylum tricornutum and Nannochloropsis spp. (Rodolfi et al., 2009;Yang et al., 2013;Mayers et al., 2014;Abida et al., 2015). During these studies, focus is often on changes of long-chain fatty acids (FAs) and their contribution to lipid classes in specific pathways [OPEN] Articles can be viewed without a subscription. www.plantphysiol.org/cgi

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“…This has been suggested to indicate that their metabolism differs from other membrane lipids (36 -38). Monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) is reduced dramatically during thylakoid degradation, probably to avoid destabilizing plastid membrane integrity and function due to its conical steric profile as the chloroplast decreases in size (34,39).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and Acyl Chain Flux during Stress-induced Triglyceride Accumulation by Stable Isotopic Labeling of the Polar Microalga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C169

Allen

DiRusso

Black

2017

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Edited by George M. CarmanDeriving biofuels and other lipoid products from algae is a promising future technology directly addressing global issues of atmospheric CO 2 balance. To better understand the metabolism of triglyceride synthesis in algae, we examined their metabolic origins in the model species, Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C169, using stable isotopic labeling. Labeling patterns arising from [U- The incorporation rates of de novo synthesized FA into lipid classes were measured over a time course of nitrogen starvation. The synthesis of triglycerides, phospholipids, and galactolipids followed a two-stage pattern where nitrogen starvation resulted in a 2.5-fold increase followed by a gradual decline. Acyl chain flux into membrane lipids was dominant in the first stage followed by triglycerides. These data indicate that the level of metabolic control that determines acyl chain flux between membrane lipids and triglycerides during nitrogen stress relies primarily on the Kennedy pathway and de novo FA synthesis with limited, defined input from acyl editing reactions.

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Contribution of galactoglycerolipids to the 3‐dimensional architecture of thylakoids

Cited by 143 publications

References 83 publications

Atom-scale depth localization of biologically important chemical elements in molecular layers

Atom-scale depth localization of biologically important chemical elements in molecular layers

Mechanisms of Phosphorus Acquisition and Lipid Class Remodeling under P Limitation in a Marine Microalga

Carbon and Acyl Chain Flux during Stress-induced Triglyceride Accumulation by Stable Isotopic Labeling of the Polar Microalga Coccomyxa subellipsoidea C169

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