Contribution of Electron Pressure to Ring Current and Ground Magnetic Depression Using RAM‐SCB Simulations and Arase Observations During 7–8 November 2017 Magnetic Storm

Abstract

There is increased interest recently in understanding Sun-Earth interactions and space weather events due to the increasing reliability on space-based technological systems. Geomagnetic storms are among the most important phenomenon of space weather effects on Earth. Intense geomagnetic storms can cause severe damage to satellites, communications and power transmission lines (Jordanova et al., 2020 and references therein). The southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) B z in solar wind allows magnetic reconnection with geomagnetic field which transfer energy from the solar wind to the Earth's magnetosphere (Dungey, 1961;Gonzalez et al., 1994). The ring current is a near-equatorial westward electric current flowing toroidally around the Earth (∼2-7 R E ), formed by charged particle (a few kilo-electronvolts to a few hundred of kilo-electronvolts) pressure gradients and drift motion (

Plasma Pressure Distribution of Ions and Electrons in the Inner Magnetosphere During CIR Driven Storms Observed During Arase Era

“…Kumar et al. (2021) has also shown that the electron contribution to the total pressure during a particular CIR driven storm was ∼18% in the dawn sector.…”

“…Zhao et al (2016) also reported that the electron pressure was higher from midnight to dawn as compared to the noon and dusk sectors. Kumar et al (2021) has also shown that the electron contribution to the total pressure during a particular CIR driven storm was ∼18% in the dawn sector.…”

“…Yue et al (2018) found that electrons with energies of <40 keV contribute 20% to the pressure in the nightside sector during active times. Recently, Kumar et al (2021) has shown that the electron pressure also contributes (∼12%) to the total ring current during a CIR-driven storm, by comparing the Ring current Atmosphere interactions Model with Self Consistent magnetic field (RAM-SCB) simulation, Arase in-situ plasma/particle, and ground-based magnetometer data. It was also shown using modeling that the electron contribution to the ring current reached ∼20% during the peak of high-speed stream driven storm (Jordanova et al, 2012).…”

Using ARMAX Models to Determine the Drivers of 40–150 keV GOES Electron Fluxes

“…In addition, as parameters that are averaged over longer periods of time tend to show higher statistical correlations without any meaningful increase in association (Simms et al., 2022), this alone could explain the Kp , at a 3 hr cadence, having a higher correlation with flux than that of many other parameters. SymH may be an indirect measure of the free energy available for local wave acceleration of keV electrons up to MeV energies, but is perhaps more representative of inner magnetospheric plasma pressure, about 12% of which is keV electron pressure (Kumar et al., 2021). SymH may be worth testing as a representation of these processes, but the applicability to electron flux in the outer radiation belts appears weak.…”

Using ARMAX models to determine the drivers of 40-150 keV GOES electron fluxes

“…In addition, as parameters that are averaged over longer periods of time tend to show higher statistical correlations without any meaningful increase in association (Simms et al, 2022), this alone could explain the Kp, at a 3 h cadence, having a higher correlation with flux than that of many other parameters. SymH may be an indirect measure of the free energy available for local wave acceleration of keV electrons up to MeV energies, but is perhaps more representative of inner magnetospheric plasma pressure, about 12% of which is keV electron pressure (Kumar et al, 2021). SymH may be worth testing as a representation of these processes, but the applicability to electron flux in the outer radiation belts appears weak.…”