Contribution of different kinematic models and a complex Jurassic stratigraphy in the construction of a forward model for the Montagna dei Fiori fault‐related fold (Central Apennines, Italy)

Abstract

The Montagna dei Fiori has received attention from geologists over the past decades because of both its Jurassic stratigraphy and its complex present-day structure. The latter is the result of multiple phases of deformation, from the Early Jurassic, during the opening of the Tethyan Ocean, to Neogene evolution of the Apennines fold-and-thrust belt. In this paper. we present a new stratigraphic interpretation of the Jurassic palaeogeography, based on a new geological mapping project in the area. Using this new stratigraphy. we constructed two forward models, using a combination of different fault/fold interactions, in order to unravel the kinematic evolution of the Montagna dei Fiori fault-related fold. The first model was constructed manually using the fault-bend and fault-propagation theories from an in configuration which included previous extensional features, whereas the second model was constructed using the software 2DMove (Midland Valley) using the fault-bend and In shear fault-propagation folding theories and starting from a layer-cake stratigraphy. Both forward models involved the same main steps and provided a reasonable geological simulation of the geometry of the Montagna dei Fiori structure. Copyright 2010 (C) John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Slab bending, syn‐subduction normal faulting, and out‐of‐sequence thrusting in the Central Apennines

“…What is puzzling in our case, is that the prethrusting normal faults only occur within a well‐defined compartment (stretching in the NW‐SE direction, i.e., parallel to the thrust fronts, for 30 km and for a width, in SW‐NE direction, of 6–8 km), while only sparse occurrences are reported through the rest of Central Apennines. In the Umbria‐Marche domain (Figure b), several mesoscale prethrusting (Miocene) normal faults have been recognized, including the more than 10 km long W dipping normal fault that borders the Montagna dei Fiori ridge (see Figure for location) [ Bonarelli , ; Mattei , ; Calamita et al ., ; Di Francesco et al ., ], which produced a displacement of >1000 m in the lower Miocene.…”

Submarine slide blocks and associated soft-sediment deformation in deep-water basins: A review

“…These features are: a) Blocks are commonly associated with slope instability events triggered by major tectonic phases, most of which relate to important uplift, exhumation and erosion of the upper crust (Fortuin, 1978;Roep and Fortuin, 1996;Dunlap et al, 2013). b) Large fields of blocks accompany the transport of significant volumes of sediment into sedimentary basins (Drzewiecki and Sim o, 2002;Di Francesco et al, 2010;Perotti et al, 2012). c) Blocks comprise allochthonous strata displaced over significant distances, and can include successions uncharacteristic of the basins in which they accumulate (Bosellini et al, 1993;Odonn e et al, 2011).…”

Syn‐Contractional Overprinting Between Extension and Shortening Along the Montagna Dei Fiori Fault During Plio‐Pleistocene Antiformal Stacking at the Central Apennines Thrust Wedge Toe

“…Jurassic syn‐rift fault zones and related deposits preserved in the fold core have been described since decades (Giannini, ; Mattei, ) and have been assumed to have exerted either a significant (e.g., Calamita et al, ; Marchegiani et al, ; Tavarnelli, ) or negligible (Ghisetti & Vezzani, ) control on the syn‐contractional structural architecture. An alternative interpretation was also proposed, which neglects any evidence for Jurassic tectonics and replaces block faulting with gravitational block sliding (Di Francesco et al, ). In particular, a major subject of debate is the age and tectonic setting of the Montagna dei Fiori Fault, a fault system with extensional stratigraphic separation that runs parallel to the axial trend of the Montagna dei Fiori Anticline (Giannini, , Figure ) and has been proposed to have formed either before (Calamita et al, ; Mazzoli et al, ) or after folding (Calamita et al, ; Ghisetti & Vezzani, ; Mattei, ).…”