“…Evidence-based on relations with other variables validity was examined by association between HRQOL and variables that proved to be correlated with HRQOL namely cardiac anxiety (Van Beek et al, 2012), age (Longmore et al, 2011;Muhammad et al, 2014), gender (Ahmad, Muhammad, & Abdullah, 2011;Bergman, Malm, Karlsson, & Berterö, 2009;Hosseini, Ghaemian, Mehdizadeh, & Ashraf, 2014;Norris et al, 2008), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (Pettersen, Kvan, Rollag, Stavem, & Reikvam, 2008), educational level (Choo, Burke, & Pyo Hong, 2007;Norekvål et al, 2010) and comorbidity (W. . Mann-Whitney was used to explore the association between HRQOL, gender, age, and educational level.…”