Contribution of cannabis-related cues to concurrent reinforcer choice in humans

Strickland, Justin C.; Lile, Joshua A.; Stoops, William W.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.022

Cited by 9 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…These findings are important because they emphasize that decision-making in these condom discounting tasks is sensitive to environmental factors aside from delay, probability, and partner type, even among individuals with co-occurring risk behavior like substance use (e.g., Johnson & Bruner, 2012). Such results are consistent with a larger body of work demonstrating that maladaptive decision-making that is attributed to behaviors like substance use is often context- or environment-dependent as opposed to global impairments in all decision-making functions (e.g., Strickland et al, 2018, 2019).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Sexual discounting: A systematic review of discounting processes and sexual behavior.

Johnson¹,

Strickland²,

Herrmann

et al. 2021

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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Behavioral processes underlying sexual behavior are important for understanding normal human functioning and risk behavior leading to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This systematic review examines delay and probability discounting in human sexual behavior through synthesis of 50 peer-reviewed, original research articles. Sixteen studies focusing exclusively on monetary delay discounting found small effect size positive correlations with sexual risk behaviors. Eleven studies examined delay or probability discounting of sexual behavior itself using tasks that varied duration, frequency, or quality of sex to determine value. Results show delay and uncertainty of sex causes systematic decreases in value. These studies also show consistent medium effect size relationships between sexual discounting measures and sexual health and substance use, supporting utility above and beyond monetary discounting. Twenty-three studies have modeled clinically relevant decision-making, examining effects of delay until condom availability and STI contraction probability on condom use. Observational and experimental designs found condom-use discounting is elevated in high-risk substance use populations, is sensitive to context (e.g., partner desirability), and is more robustly related to sexual risk compared with monetary discounting or condom use decisions when no delay/uncertainty was involved. Administering cocaine, alcohol, and, for some participants, methamphetamine increased condom-use discounting with minimal effect on monetary discounting or condom use when no delay/uncertainty was involved. Reviewed studies robustly support that sexual behavior is highly dependent on delay and probability discounting, and that these processes strongly contribute to sexual risk. Future research should exploit these systematic relationships to design behavioral and pharmacological approaches to decrease sexual risk behavior.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Sexual discounting: A systematic review of discounting processes and sexual behavior.

Johnson¹,

Strickland²,

Herrmann

et al. 2021

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

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“…Among cannabis users, marijuana delay discounting uniquely predicted severity of use, while cannabis demand uniquely predicted use frequency and quantity, replicating findings from Aston et al [21]. Strickland et al [23] followed their initial research with a subsequent study assessing the role that drug-related cues play in the development and maintenance of substance use disorders. Current cannabis users and controls were recruited using Amazon's Mechanical Turk.…”

Section: Testing the Reinforcer Pathology Modelmentioning

confidence: 62%

Assessing Cannabis Demand: A Comprehensive Review of the Marijuana Purchase Task

Aston

Meshesha

2020

Neurotherapeutics

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The marijuana purchase task (MPT) is a behavioral economic measure of individualized cannabis value (i.e., demand). The MPT follows purchase tasks for other substances (e.g., alcohol, tobacco), though presents with unique caveats due to its mixed illicit status, non-uniform units of purchase and use, and substantial within substance variability in strain, potency, and quality. As the regulatory climate surrounding purchase and use of cannabis continues to evolve in the USA and globally, rigorous assessment of cannabis use and value are of the utmost importance. This study represents the first comprehensive review of investigations utilizing the MPT. Searches through PubMed and Web of Science databases by two independent coders identified 15 empirical articles referencing the use of an MPT and were published through the year 2019. Articles were coded for demographic and procedural characteristics, structural characteristics of the MPT itself, data analytic characteristics, and relationships with cannabis-related outcomes. Rigorous assessment of demand for cannabis is essential with respect to the broad public health issues surrounding cannabis legalization. We have synthesized the research presented herein and comment on vital considerations for subsequent MPT work, including recommendations for a unified approach to using the MPT in subsequent research.

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“…As a further publication bias assessment, we also looked at the effect of year of publication on the overall effect sizes. two [26,50] included adult samples recruited from the community, six additional [9,19,29,[51][52][53] included crowdsourced MTurk samples, and the remaining one included a clinical sample of HIV + cannabis users [20].…”

Section: Publication Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…severity, four studies used Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV/5 criteria[20,29,31,53], and seven additional relied on the Cannabis Use Dependence Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT)[19,26,[48][49][50][51][52].The structural characteristics of MPTs varied substantially in terms of the number of prices (range = 7-22), units of purchase (hits/puffs, k = 6/15 reports; grams, k = 7/15; joints, k = 1/15; 0.1-oz cannabis units, k = 1/15), and maximum price per unit (range = $0-100). Except…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent validity of the marijuana purchase task: a meta‐analysis of trait‐level cannabis demand and cannabis involvement

et al. 2022

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Background and aims The Marijuana Purchase Task (MPT) is increasingly used to measure cannabis reinforcing value and has potential use for cannabis etiological and regulatory research. This meta‐analysis sought to evaluate for the first time the MPT's concurrent validity in relation to cannabis involvement. Methods Electronic databases and pre‐print repositories were searched for MPT studies that examined the cross‐sectional relationship between frequency and quantity of cannabis use, problems, dependence, and five MPT indicators: intensity (i.e. unrestricted consumption), Omax (i.e. maximum consumption), Pmax (i.e. price at which demand becomes elastic), breakpoint (i.e. first price at which consumption ceases), and elasticity (i.e. sensitivity to rising costs). Random effects meta‐analyses of cross‐sectional effect sizes were conducted, with Q tests for examining differences by cannabis variables, meta‐regression to test quantitative moderators, and publication bias assessment. Moderators included sex, number of MPT prices, variable transformations, and year of publication. Populations included community and clinical samples. Results The searches yielded 14 studies (n = 4077, median % females: 44.8%: weighted average age = 29.08 [SD = 6.82]), published between 2015 and 2022. Intensity, Omax, and elasticity showed the most robust concurrent validity (|r's| = 0.147–325, ps < 0.014) with the largest significant effect sizes for quantity (|r| intensity = 0.325) and cannabis dependence (|r| Omax = 0.320, |r| intensity = 0.305, |r| elasticity = 0.303). Higher proportion of males was associated with increased estimates for elasticity‐quantity and Pmax‐problems. Higher number of MPT prices significantly altered magnitude of effects sizes for Pmax and problems, suggesting biased estimations if excessively low prices are considered. Methodological quality was generally good, and minimal evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusions The marijuana purchase task presents adequate concurrent validity to measure cannabis demand, most robustly for intensity, Omax, and elasticity. Moderating effects by sex suggest potentially meaningful sex differences in the reinforcing value of cannabis.

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Contribution of cannabis-related cues to concurrent reinforcer choice in humans

Cited by 9 publications

References 58 publications

Sexual discounting: A systematic review of discounting processes and sexual behavior.

Sexual discounting: A systematic review of discounting processes and sexual behavior.

Assessing Cannabis Demand: A Comprehensive Review of the Marijuana Purchase Task

Concurrent validity of the marijuana purchase task: a meta‐analysis of trait‐level cannabis demand and cannabis involvement

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