Contribution of AvianSalmonella entericaIsolates to Human Salmonellosis Cases in Constantine (Algeria)

Abstract

An epidemiological investigation was carried out on one hundred Salmonella isolates from broiler farms, slaughterhouses, and human patients in the Constantine region of Algeria, in order to explore the contribution of avian strains to human salmonellosis cases in this region over the same period of time. The isolates were characterized by phenotypic as well as genotypic methods. A large variety of antimicrobial resistance profiles was found among human isolates, while only seven profiles were found among avian isolates. Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR), Insertion Sequence 200-PCR (IS200-PCR), and Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) resulted in the allocation of the isolates to 16, 20, and 34 different profiles, respectively. The 3 genotyping methods led to complementary results by underlining the clonality of some serovars with the diffusion and persistence of a single clone in the Constantine area as well as stressing the polymorphism present in isolates belonging to other serovars, indicating the diversity of potential reservoirs of nontyphoidal Salmonella. Altogether, our results seem to indicate that nontyphoidal avian Salmonella may play an important role in human salmonellosis in the Constantine region.

Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella isolated from bovine and ovine samples in slaughterhouses of Algiers, Algeria

“…Kentucky was isolated from 15.47 % of samples. According to our results during this study and the international studies pre-established in Algeria (Bouzidi et al, 2012;Elgroud et al, 2015), Morocco (El Allaoui et al, 2014), Tunisia (Abbassi-Ghozzi et al, 2012), and Nigeria (Tafida et al, 2013), this result is alarming because the sudden emergence and worrying of S. Kentucky has shown an increasingly insensitive to almost all families of antibiotics.…”

“…It includes more than 2500 serovars that inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of various domestic and wild animal species (Bahnass et al, 2015). It is estimated that salmonellosis represents 93.8 (16%) million cases of human gastroenteritis among an estimated 582 million cases of 22 different food borne enteric diseases, and it is responsible for 155 000 deaths worldwide each year (Elgroud et al, 2015;Manoj et al, 2015). Salmonella enterica subsp.…”

An Algerian perspective on non-typhoidal Salmonella infection

“…These studies conducted on NTS infection in Algeria, provide evidence for the presence of highly drug resistant serotypes. The serotypes identified from broilers and human clinical cases in Algeria are largely similar to those usually present in broilers worldwide, particularly in Europe and the USA, as well as Africa [31,36,37]. This highlights that NTS infection and antimicrobial resistance are matters of concern in Algeria that need to be dealt with in a more comprehensive manner.…”

“…During 2006 and 2007, a single epidemiological investigation was conducted on 100 strains of NTS from poultry and human clinical isolates in Constantine (Figure 1) in order to understand the contribution of avian NTS to human salmonellosis. Phenotypic and genotypic tests revealed a diversity among NTS serotypes (Table 2), but failed to confirm any association between the isolated serotypes even if they were collected in the same period of time [31].…”

“…To date, these studies have been reported information from various cities in Algeria, including Algiers, Boumerdes, TiziOuzou, Bouira, Bejaia, Constantine, Batna, Annaba and El Taref (Figure 1) and are summarized below [10,[28][29][30][31][32][33].…”