Contribution of artificial galleries to the knowledge of karstic system behaviour in addition to natural cavern data

Garry, Benjamin; Blondel, T.; Emblanch, Christophe; Sudre, Christophe; Bilgot, Séverine; Cavaillou, A.; Boyer, Daniel; Auguste, M.

doi:10.5038/1827-806x.37.1.7

Cited by 17 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The LSBB tunnel penetrates the karst medium and the faults network, intersecting some flow paths through the unsaturated zone. Consequently, about forty water flow points have been identified all over the laboratory at different depths from about 30 to about 440 m (Garry et al 2008;Barbel-Perineau et al 2015;Ollivier et al 2015). Three of them are perennial while the others present much contrasted behaviours, reflecting the complexity of the FdV hydrosystem (Garry et al 2008;Ollivier et al 2015) and the difficulty to globally assess water transfers from surface to the FdV outlet.…”

Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hydrosystem outlet thus presents in a simplified form two interacting types of water transfer: a quick flow response to rainfall through localized structures and a slow matrix drainage contributing to a significant transfer of the total water volume (e.g. Emblanch et al 2003;Bakalowicz 2005;Garry et al 2008). So, the understanding of karstic hydrosystem dynamics requires a knowledge of the main hydrologically active structures.…”

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confidence: 99%

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New insights on fractures deformation from tiltmeter data measured inside the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system

et al. 2016

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Tilt fluctuations can potentially reflect the response of hydrosystems to important rainfall. In this context, long baseline tiltmeters have been installed in an underground tunnel penetrating the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst to study the medium deformation related to solicitations exerted by water infiltrating the hydrosystem. The instruments monitor the tilt as well as its spatial variation. Northward tilts reaching a 1 µrad amplitude are observed consecutively to rainfalls. The tilt amplitude is highly correlated with the Fontaine de Vaucluse outlet flow fluctuations. The measured tilt signal is also relatively homogeneous over a 150 m length. Different types of structure likely to produce such observations are tested in order to identify their location with respect to the tiltmeters, their dimension as well as the amount of water level variation in the structure. Following rainfalls, the infiltration of water modifies the pore pressure, inducing a medium deformation. The hypothesis of a homogeneous surface loading on the Vaucluse plateau is first refuted since the related tilt is much lower than the one measured. The water supplied by rainfalls has to accumulate in discontinuities in order to generate a higher tilt. So, the deformation related to a pressure exerted on a fracture filled by water is assessed. A first study reveals the interest of the tilt homogeneity information that constrains strongly the fracture properties. Thus, the fracture must be located at a distance more than a few hundred metres from the tiltmeters in order to produce a tilt homogeneous in space. If the fracture is initially dry, it must also be filled on a height higher than 150 m consecutive to a rainfall in order to generate a tilt amplitude in the same magnitude as the one measured. Then, we explore the influence of water level variations on the tilt produced by a fracture located at the interface between the saturated and unsaturated zones, which are thereby permanently flooded. Since several parameters of that model satisfactorily explain the field observations, we discuss how simultaneous geodetical observations could provide complementary information that would further constrain the geometry of the structure at the origin of the medium deformation.

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Section: Geological Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on fractures deformation from tiltmeter data measured inside the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system

et al. 2016

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“…Between 2004and 2008, drought period, (Barbel-Perineau 2013PerineauBarbel et al 2013), only three permanents and two temporary flow points are observed and measured (Garry et al 2008) at different depths. The rest of temporary flow points (40) was observed for the first time in winter 2008 during a heavy rainy period.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Padilla et al 1994;Charlier et al 2012) and directly (e.g. Perrin 2003;Garry et al 2008;Pronk et al 2009;Barbel-Perineau 2013), with measurements within the vadose zone. This study puts the role of the vadose zone into perspective.…”

Section: Flow Components Distribution In Function Of Depth and Fractumentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Hydrodynamic Variations of Flow in the Karst Vadose Zone (Rustrel, France) in Function of Depth and Fracturing Density

Barbel-Périneau¹,

Emblanch²,

Danquigny³

2014

Hydrogeological and Environmental Investigations in Karst Systems

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The hydrodynamical response at 45 flow points in the gallery of the Low Noise Underground Laboratory-carbonate aquifer (Rustrel, southern France) was monitored in order to determine the relationship between the hydrodynamical functioning of each flow component-slow, intermediate and quick, the depth and the fracturing density. Analysis of the relationship between the distribution of each flow component in function of depth and fracturing density in the karst vadose zone revealed the importance of (1) the variation of flow activation conditions with the depth, (2) the evolution of the flow component distribution with the depth and the fracturing density, and (3) the variability of the vadose zone role in supplying baseflow discharge, in function of carbonate thickness and fracturing state of the study area.

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“…to flows which circulate in a not very karstified network. Garry [13] qualified the behavior of the 4 perennial flows and the temporary flow named GAS. Considering the location of flow points with regard to the fracturing, he considered that the points A and B are located in a fractured zone, the point C in a crushed zone, the point D at the base of the epikarstic zone and the point GAS (temporary flow) on a geologic accident ( Figure 2).…”

Section: The Lsbbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrodynamic organisation of the flows in the unsaturated zone of the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system. First results

Perineau¹,

Danquigny²,

Emblanch³

et al. 2011

I-Dust 2010

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Abstract. Karst systems contain important groundwater resources. Due to their complexity, they are generally under exploited. Particularly, the hydrodynamic functioning of the unsaturated zone is badly understood even if its important role is admitted Today, the hydrogeologists are agreeing with the important function(s) of the unsaturated zone in karst systems, but today this role(s) is badly characterized. As they are very complex systems, karst aquifers are generally under exploited. It is necessary to progress in the understanding of the functioning of the karst systems and particulary in the functioning of the unsaturated zone in order to develop the corresponding management tools. The study of the unsaturated zone of a karst system needs some access to this part of the aquifer. Speleological access is not sufficient because the major part of the water flows in not humanly enterable drains. The Low-Noise Underground Laboratory of RustrelPays d'Apt (LSBB) is an artificial gallery digged in the unsaturated zone of the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst aquifer catchment area. It intersects arbitrarily the fault networks in depth and then the potential areas of flows through the unsaturated zone. From 2002 to 2009, 61 points where water regularly flows have been identified. For each, flow rate has been periodically monitored. This first global study of the acquired data shows a good relation between flows and geological structures. An organization of flows with depth and geology is also underlined. With increasing depth, flows seem to concentrate from numerous faults networks to a little number of high discontinuities.

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Contribution of artificial galleries to the knowledge of karstic system behaviour in addition to natural cavern data

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

New insights on fractures deformation from tiltmeter data measured inside the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system

New insights on fractures deformation from tiltmeter data measured inside the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system

Spatial and Temporal Hydrodynamic Variations of Flow in the Karst Vadose Zone (Rustrel, France) in Function of Depth and Fracturing Density

Hydrodynamic organisation of the flows in the unsaturated zone of the Fontaine de Vaucluse karst system. First results

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