Contribution of Agricultural Field Production to Emission of Greenhouse Gases (Ghg)

Abstract

According to global inventories the agricultural field production contributes in a significant measure to increase of concentration of greenhouse gases (CO2, N2O, CH4) in the atmosphere, however their estimated data of emissions of soil origin differ significantly. Particularly estimates on nitrogen-oxides emissions show a great temporal and spatial variability while their formations in microbial processes are strongly influenced by biogeochemical and physical properties of the soil (eg microbial species, soil texture, soil water, pH, redox-potential and nutrient status) and land use management through the impact of the application of natural and synthetic fertilisers, tillage, irrigation, compaction, planting and harvesting. The different monitoring systems and inventory models were developed mostly from atmospheric chemistry point of view and little comprehensive data exist on the processes related to GHG emissions and their productions in agricultural soils under ecological conditions of Central Europe. This paper presents the new results of a project aimed elaboration of an experimental system suitable for studying relationships between the production and emission of greenhouse gases and plant nutrition supply in agricultural soils under Hungarian ecological conditions. The system was based on a long-term fertilisation field experiment. Mesocosm size pot experiments were conducted with soils originating from differently treated plots. The production of CO2 and N2O was followed during the vegetation period in gas traps built in 20 cm depth. Undisturbed soil columns were prepared from the untreated side parcels of the field experiment and the production of CO2 and N2O was studied at 20, 40 and 60 cm depth. A series of laboratory microcosm experiments were performed to clarify the microbial and environmental effects influencing the gas production in soils. The CO2 and N2O were determined by gas chromatography. The NOx was detected by chemiluminescence method in headspace of microcosms. In the mesocosm and soil columns experiments influence of plant nutrition methods and environmental factors was successfully clarified on seasonal dynamics and depth profile on CO2 and N2O productions. The database developed is suitable for estimating CO2 and N2O emissions from agricultural soils.

Emission of Greenhouse Gases and Odorants from Pig Slurry - Effect on the Environment and Methods of its Reduction

“…The factors affecting the level of N 2 O are: the composition of pig slurry and the technique of its application on farmland, soil type, moisture, temperature, pH and the availability of soluble organic matter as well as weather conditions. Increased N 2 O emissions can also occur during composting, aeration, or aerobic treatment of pig slurry [10,18,20,25,[27][28][29][30].…”

INM-A Potential Way of Farming in Reduction of CH4 and CO2 Emission in Rice-sunflower Sequential Cropping System

“…"Global warming is a part of climate change and one of the most predominant environmental issues across the world due to the wide range of GHG's emissions. Worldwide agricultural practices are identified as a potential mode of greenhouse gases (GHG's) like methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions, thereby contributing around 20-30% of the earth's global warming radiative force" [1]. "In the agriculture sector, rice is a predominant crop that meets 70 per cent of the world's population feed mostly grown in tropical climates, and higher temperatures increase the amount of methane emitted" [2].…”

Colorimetric paper-based device for gaseous hydrogen cyanide quantification based on absorbance measurements

“…The development of analytical methods suitable for the detection of molecules in the gas phase in a wide range of matrices still remains a challenge in the analytical chemistry field. New analytical methods must be sufficiently versatile for use in many different applications involving gaseous and other types of samples, in areas such as industrial hygiene, air pollution, detection of biomarkers in exhaled breath, biological greenhouse gas emissions, and determination of dissolved gases or volatile compounds present in liquid solutions (including food, biological, and cosmetics samples) [1][2][3]. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is found in many matrices.…”