Contributing Factors and Mental Health Outcomes of First Suicide Attempt During Childhood and Adolescence

Peyre, Hugo; Hoertel, Nicolas; Stordeur, Coline; Lebeau, GaÃ«le; Blanco, Carlos; McMahon, Kibby; Basmaci, Romain; Lemogne, Cédric; Limosin, Frédéric; Delorme, Richard

doi:10.4088/jcp.16m10876

Cited by 38 publications

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“…Mirroring the situation in adults, female adolescents have a higher rate of self-harm and suicide attempts, but a lower rate of suicide [ 3 ]. Our data confirm that the male-to-female ratio of suicide is increasing from prepubescent children to adolescents [ 18 ]. Another risk factor known from suicide in adults is living in rural areas [ 34 – 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Earlier studies found differences in the possible factors triggering suicide between younger and older adolescents: suicides in adolescents younger than 15 have often been associated with family conflicts, maltreatment or problems at school, while romantic relationships and psychiatric illness were more common risk factors in older adolescents [ 7 , 16 – 18 ]. Brothers and sisters may be an important source of support in parent–child conflicts, which might explain the association with only children found in this study among younger adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies from Norway and Scotland found that a higher position in birth order was positively associated with the risk for suicide, but both studies included not only adolescents, but also young adults [ 11 , 15 ]. Whereas conflicts with parents and maltreatment are often reported in suicides of younger adolescents (typically defined as ages 10–15 years), crises in romantic relationships and psychological disorders are more important in older adolescents [ 16 – 18 ]. There are only few data on time trends in suicides in youths, and results are inconsistent across studies [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide in adolescents: findings from the Swiss National cohort

Steck

Egger

Schimmelmann

et al. 2017

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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Suicide in adolescents is the second most common cause of death in this age group and an important public health problem. We examined sociodemographic factors associated with suicide in Swiss adolescents and analysed time trends in youth suicide in the Swiss National Cohort (SNC). The SNC is a longitudinal study of the whole Swiss resident population, based on linkage of census and mortality records. We identified suicides in adolescents aged 10–18 years from 1991 to 2013. A total of 2.396 million adolescents were included and 592 suicides were recorded, corresponding to a rate of 3.7 per 100,000 [95% confidence interval (CI) 3.4–4.0]. Rates increased with age from 0.0 per 100,000 at age 10 years to 14.8 per 100,000 (95% CI 12.6–17.5) at 18 years in boys, and from 0.0 to 5.4 per 100,000 (4.1–7.2) in girls. Being a boy, living in a single parent household, being an only or middle-born child, and living in rural regions were factors associated with a higher rate of suicide. Hanging was the most common method in boys, and railway suicides were most frequent in girls. There was no clear evidence for an increase or decrease over calendar time. We conclude that familial and socioeconomic factors including type of household, birth order and urbanity are associated with youth suicide in Switzerland. These factors should be considered when designing prevention programmes for youth suicide.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00787-017-1019-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suicide in adolescents: findings from the Swiss National cohort

Steck

Egger

Schimmelmann

et al. 2017

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“…Future studies should also further investigate the more elusive subjective aspects of suicide risk, such as SI, as well as implicated psychological constructs such as hopelessness, rumination, and anhedonia [209][210][211], which may be relevant across diagnoses. Similarly, social experiences such as childhood maltreatment and peer bullying form a strong prelude to STB in later life [208,212,213], and impact on the neural structures implicated in STB (e.g., DMPFC structure and function [214,215]). Therefore, adverse experiences should be taken into account in future studies on the neurobiology of STB.…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a comprehensive review of 2 decades of neuroimaging studies

et al. 2019

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Identifying brain alterations that contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are important to develop more targeted and effective strategies to prevent suicide. In the last decade, and especially in the last 5 years, there has been exponential growth in the number of neuroimaging studies reporting structural and functional brain circuitry correlates of STBs. Within this narrative review, we conducted a comprehensive review of neuroimaging studies of STBs published to date and summarize the progress achieved on elucidating neurobiological substrates of STBs, with a focus on converging findings across studies. We review neuroimaging evidence across differing mental disorders for structural, functional, and molecular alterations in association with STBs, which converges particularly in regions of brain systems that subserve emotion and impulse regulation including the ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) and dorsal PFC (DPFC), insula and their mesial temporal, striatal and posterior connection sites, as well as in the connections between these brain areas. The reviewed literature suggests that impairments in medial and lateral VPFC regions and their connections may be important in the excessive negative and blunted positive internal states that can stimulate suicidal ideation, and that impairments in a DPFC and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) system may be important in suicide attempt behaviors. A combination of VPFC and DPFC system disturbances may lead to very high risk circumstances in which suicidal ideation is converted to lethal actions via decreased top-down inhibition of behavior and/or maladaptive, inflexible decision-making and planning. The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and insula may play important roles in switching between these VPFC and DPFC systems, which may contribute to the transition from suicide thoughts to behaviors. Future neuroimaging research of larger sample sizes, including global efforts, longitudinal designs, and careful consideration of developmental stages, and sex and gender, will facilitate more effectively targeted preventions and interventions to reduce loss of life to suicide.

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“…Furthermore, as a result of the traditional Chinese culture's strong stigma toward psychiatric disorders, the serious shortage of psychiatrists and infrastructure (especially in the rural areas) and low mental health literacy, only 8.3 to 27.6% of patients with depressive disorders are diagnosed, and about half of those diagnosed receive effective treatment [16]. Adolescence is the stage in which most mental health problems first manifest [17]. Researches also suggest that delays in seeking help for mental health problems lead to poorer treatment outcomes [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociodemographic characteristics associated with adolescent depression in urban and rural areas of Hubei province: a cross-sectional analysis

Guo

Mei

You³

et al. 2019

BMC Psychiatry

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Background: China has experienced rapid socioeconomic, and health transitions over the last four decades, and urban-rural disparities are becoming increasingly apparent. Research on depression among rural and urban students can provide evidence on the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and adolescent depression. Methods: We examined the association between sociodemographic characteristics and adolescent depression among 3605 students from Wuhan city and Jianli county that was recruited from the local junior middle school via a crosssectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to explore the sociodemographic characteristics of adolescent depression in urban and rural areas, respectively. Nomograms were constructed to calculate individual depression risk of junior middle school students. Results: 32.47% of rural students and 35.11% of urban students display depressive symptoms. The protective factors of depression in urban students are exercise habit, younger, key class, better academic achievement and males, while Left-behind children (LBC), poor academic achievement and females had higher depression risk in rural area. Two nomograms were constructed to screen the adolescent depression in urban and rural junior middle school students, respectively. The clinical tools were well calibrated. Conclusion: The field-based research examined sociodemographic characteristics potentially associated with adolescent depression and offered an effective and convenient tool of individualized depression risk evaluation for junior middle school students. Future longitudinal epidemiologic research on adolescent depression may help to further validate the discovery of present study, which will support developing policies and practices to minimize the factors of adolescent depression.

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Contributing Factors and Mental Health Outcomes of First Suicide Attempt During Childhood and Adolescence

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Suicide in adolescents: findings from the Swiss National cohort

Suicide in adolescents: findings from the Swiss National cohort

Imaging suicidal thoughts and behaviors: a comprehensive review of 2 decades of neuroimaging studies

Sociodemographic characteristics associated with adolescent depression in urban and rural areas of Hubei province: a cross-sectional analysis

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