Contrasting sensitivity to extreme winter warming events of dominant sub‐Arctic heathland bryophyte and lichen species

Bjerke, Jarle W.; Bokhorst, Stef; Zielke, Matthias; Callaghan, Terry V.; Bowles, Francis P.; Phoenix, Gareth K.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2011.01859.x

Cited by 73 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Most previous studies have reported that extreme temperature or drought can decrease activity and reduce metabolism167172. Shi et al 73.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To adapt to the extreme environment, desert bryophytes have developed strong adaptability in resistance to drought121314, extreme temperatures151617, and UV-B radiation181920. A cushion cluster of a population can enhance the water retention capacity of the capillary system by reducing the air speeds above the plant surface and decreasing the amount of water evaporation21.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of the removal of shrubs on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt: in a temperate desert

Yin

Zhang

Lou

2017

Sci Rep

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Moss crusts play important roles in biological soil crusts biomass and soil surface stabilization. However, because of increasingly intensive human activities, especially grazing, the growth and survival of shrubs are seriously threatened. This study aimed to test whether the presence of shrubs affects the physiological state of the bryophyte Syntrichia caninervis Mitt. in this desert ecosystem. We simulated animal-grazed shrubs at three levels in the Gurbantunggut Desert and compared these simulations to exposed areas, measuring the indicators of growth and stress tolerance exhibited by bryophytes. The results showed that the removal of shrubs significantly decreased chlorophyll fluorescence activity and soluble protein content in S. caninervis, especially under the total shrub removal treatment. The ratio between the total removal of shrubs and other treatments in antioxidative enzymes and in osmotic adjustment substances of S. caninervis exhibited two types of responses. With the exception of malonyldialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), the variables examined fitted as downward parabolic then upward parabolic temporal dynamics. The removal of shrubs is harmful to the survival of S.caninervis. In resource-constrained conditions, SOD is an important antioxidant enzyme that of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and osmotic adjustment substances, for S. caninervis survival.

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“…Most previous studies have reported that extreme temperature or drought can decrease activity and reduce metabolism167172. Shi et al 73.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of the removal of shrubs on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt: in a temperate desert

Yin

Zhang

Lou

2017

Sci Rep

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“…Why do mosses respond differently to warming than lichens? Possibly, this is because an early break of dormancy and reactivation with warming promoted initiation of new stems, mosses being more adapted for the new conditions than lichens [81,82]. Such a response would probably occur during the favourable seasons in terms of humidity and soil moisture, such as during autumn and the early part of the winter, where bryophytes in the warming plots could encounter a rare convergence of warm temperatures and adequate moisture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warming reduces the growth and diversity of biological soil crusts in a semi-arid environment: implications for ecosystem structure and functioning

Escolar

Martínez

Bowker

et al. 2012

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

129

136

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Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are key biotic components of dryland ecosystems worldwide that control many functional processes, including carbon and nitrogen cycling, soil stabilization and infiltration. Regardless of their ecological importance and prevalence in drylands, very few studies have explicitly evaluated how climate change will affect the structure and composition of BSCs, and the functioning of their constituents. Using a manipulative experiment conducted over 3 years in a semi-arid site from central Spain, we evaluated how the composition, structure and performance of lichen-dominated BSCs respond to a 2.48C increase in temperature, and to an approximately 30 per cent reduction of total annual rainfall. In areas with well-developed BSCs, warming promoted a significant decrease in the richness and diversity of the whole BSC community. This was accompanied by important compositional changes, as the cover of lichens suffered a substantial decrease with warming (from 70 to 40% on average), while that of mosses increased slightly (from 0.3 to 7% on average). The physiological performance of the BSC community, evaluated using chlorophyll fluorescence, increased with warming during the first year of the experiment, but did not respond to rainfall reduction. Our results indicate that ongoing climate change will strongly affect the diversity and composition of BSC communities, as well as their recovery after disturbances. The expected changes in richness and composition under warming could reduce or even reverse the positive effects of BSCs on important soil processes. Thus, these changes are likely to promote an overall reduction in ecosystem processes that sustain and control nutrient cycling, soil stabilization and water dynamics.

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“…The species-specific nature of the responses of the species to winter thaw events and the small-scale heterogeneity of snow thaw might play a role in the patterning of the subarctic plant communities [138]. Thaw events affected the moss H. splendens (but not the lichen Peltigera aphthosa: [137]) and also reduced the abundance of fungal fruiting bodies [138].…”

Section: (I) Abiotic Environmental Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem change and stability over multiple decades in the Swedish subarctic: complex processes and multiple drivers

Callaghan

Jonasson

Thierfelder

et al. 2013

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

Self Cite

146

142

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The subarctic environment of northernmost Sweden has changed over the past century, particularly elements of climate and cryosphere. This paper presents a unique geo-referenced record of environmental and ecosystem observations from the area since 1913. Abiotic changes have been substantial. Vegetation changes include not only increases in growth and range extension but also counterintuitive decreases, and stability: all three possible responses. Changes in species composition within the major plant communities have ranged between almost no changes to almost a 50 per cent increase in the number of species. Changes in plant species abundance also vary with particularly large increases in trees and shrubs (up to 600%). There has been an increase in abundance of aspen and large changes in other plant communities responding to wetland area increases resulting from permafrost thaw. Populations of herbivores have responded to varying management practices and climate regimes, particularly changing snow conditions. While it is difficult to generalize and scale-up the site-specific changes in ecosystems, this very site-specificity, combined with projections of change, is of immediate relevance to local stakeholders who need to adapt to new opportunities and to respond to challenges. Furthermore, the relatively small area and its unique datasets are a microcosm of the complexity of Arctic landscapes in transition that remains to be documented.

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Contrasting sensitivity to extreme winter warming events of dominant sub‐Arctic heathland bryophyte and lichen species

Cited by 73 publications

References 56 publications

Impacts of the removal of shrubs on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt: in a temperate desert

Impacts of the removal of shrubs on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt: in a temperate desert

Warming reduces the growth and diversity of biological soil crusts in a semi-arid environment: implications for ecosystem structure and functioning

Ecosystem change and stability over multiple decades in the Swedish subarctic: complex processes and multiple drivers

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