Contrasting responses of habitat conditions and insect biodiversity to pest- or climate-induced dieback in coniferous mountain forests

Cours, Jérémy; Larrieu, Laurent; Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos; Müller, Jörg; Parmain, Guilhem; Thorn, Simon; Bouget, Christophe

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118811

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Even though we could not finely assess feeding guilds, these observations may support high turnover processes and competition deriving from specialist species' population decrease as factors shaping Coleoptera communities 9 . However, salvage logging had a slight but significant negative impact on Coleoptera prevalence, in line with previous observations 13,36,42 . In addition, each dieback gradient hosted a specific core set of one or more common species composed of Diptera and Hymenoptera at both low and medium dieback levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Climate-induced forest dieback drives compositional change in insect communities that is concentrated amongst rare species

Sire

Cai

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Marked decline in insect species richness, abundance and biomass have recently been quantified in Europe. We metabarcoded 224 Malaise-trap samples to investigate whether drought-induced forest dieback and subsequent salvage logging have an impact on flying insects (ca. 3000 insect species) in silver fir Pyrenean forests. We found no evidence that climate-induced forest dieback impacted species richness of flying insects but revealed compositional turnover patterns consistent with those seen during natural forest succession, given that the key covariates explaining compositional variation were canopy openness versus microhabitat diversity and deadwood amount at local and landscape scales, respectively. Importantly, most change was driven by rare species. In contrast, observed levels of salvage logging did not explain change in species richness or composition. Hence, although forest dieback appears to cause changes in species assemblages mimicking natural forest succession, it also increases the risk of catastrophic loss of rare species through homogenization of environmental conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Climate-induced forest dieback drives compositional change in insect communities that is concentrated amongst rare species

Sire

Cai

et al. 2021

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“…Likewise leaf-chewing caterpillars were slightly promoted by maple decline (Martel and Mauffette, 1997). The accumulation of biological legacies, like perched deadwood or cavities, generally promotes saproxylic organisms following major disturbances (Beudert et al, 2015;Cours et al, 2021;Kozák et al, 2021). This stands true for canopy-dwelling arthropods as the abundance and species richness of saproxylic species is generally enhanced in the canopy of declining stands (Figure 1; Stone et al, 2010;Vincent et al, 2020).…”

Section: Decline-driven Modifications In Canopy Habitats and Cascading Effects On Arthropod Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“….) (Figures 1, 2; Ojeda et al, 2007;Larrieu et al, 2018;Cours et al, 2021). Consequently, because forest declines and diebacks promote the accumulation of such biological legacies (Cours et al, 2021), they contribute to increase the structural complexity at multiple scales.…”

Section: Decline-driven Modifications In Canopy Habitats and Cascading Effects On Arthropod Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Figures 1, 2; Ojeda et al, 2007;Larrieu et al, 2018;Cours et al, 2021). Consequently, because forest declines and diebacks promote the accumulation of such biological legacies (Cours et al, 2021), they contribute to increase the structural complexity at multiple scales. The magnitude and sustainability of such changes will depend on disturbance regime on the one hand, and on stand characteristics on the other hand (e.g., Brodribb et al, 2020).…”

Section: Decline-driven Modifications In Canopy Habitats and Cascading Effects On Arthropod Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this, a better exploration of stressinduced horizontal gradient of inner to outer microhabitats in degraded tree crown, and fine characterization of arthropod community distribution within the canopy gradients, and in the above-tree stratum, would be necessary. Several studies have investigated the impacts of forest diebacks or declines on the diversity of specific taxonomic groups or functional, habitat, or trophic guilds (e.g., Martel and Mauffette, 1997;Trotter et al, 2008;Stone et al, 2010;Beudert et al, 2015;Vincent et al, 2020;Cours et al, 2021;Sire et al, 2021). Nonetheless, because of the mixed impacts highlighted by several studies, a multi-taxa and multi-guild approach would be necessary to have a holistic view of the conservation and functional outcomes of ongoing climate changes on forest arthropod communities (Seibold et al, 2018a;Swart et al, 2020).…”

Section: The Need For Multidisciplinary Integrative Approaches Combining Cutting-edge Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Climate Change Alters Temperate Forest Canopies and Indirectly Reshapes Arthropod Communities

Sallé

Cours

Souchu

et al. 2021

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Global change challenges the adaptive potential of forests. Large-scale alterations of forest canopies have been reported across Europe, and further modifications are expected in response to the predicted changes in drought and windstorm regimes. Since forest canopies are dynamic interfaces between atmosphere and land surface, communities of canopy-dwelling insects are at the forefront of major changes in response to both direct and indirect effects of climate change. First, we briefly introduce the factors shaping arthropod communities in the canopy of temperate forests. Second, we cover the significant impacts of a forest decline on canopy structure and functioning, and more specifically its contrasted effects on insect microhabitats, trophic resources and forest microclimates. Deleterious effects may be expected for several guilds of leaf-dwelling insects. Nonetheless, a forest decline could also lead to transient or long-lasting resource pulses for other canopy-dwelling guilds, especially saproxylic species depending on deadwood substrates and tree-related microhabitats. The novel microclimates may also become more favorable for some particular groups of insects. We pinpoint current knowledge gaps and the technological locks that should be undone to improve our understanding of the canopy biotope and biodiversity in temperate forests. We highlight the need for integrative approaches to reveal the mechanisms at play. We call for cross-scale studies and long-term collaborative research efforts, involving different disciplines such as community and disturbance ecology, plant and insect ecophysiology, and thermal ecology, to better anticipate ongoing functional and conservation issues in temperate forest ecosystems.

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Metabarcoding reveals that mixed forests mitigate negative effects of non‐native trees on canopy arthropod diversity

Wildermuth,

Seifert,

Husemann

et al. 2023

Ecological Applications

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Averting climate change‐induced forest diebacks increasingly relies on tree species planted outside of their natural range and on the addition of non‐native tree species to mixed‐species forests. However, the consequences of such changes for associated biodiversity remain poorly understood, especially for the forest canopy as a largely understudied forest stratum. Here, we used flight interception traps and a metabarcoding approach to study the taxonomic and functional (trophic guilds) composition and taxon richness of canopy arthropods. We sampled 15 monospecific and mixed stands of native European beech, native Norway spruce—planted outside its natural range—and non‐native Douglas fir in North‐West Germany. We found that diversity of arthropods was lower in non‐native Douglas fir compared to native beech stands. Taxon richness of herbivores was reduced by both conifer species. Other functional guilds, however, were not affected by stand type. Arthropod composition differed strongly between native broadleaved beech and monospecific coniferous (native spruce or non‐native Douglas fir) stands, with less pronounced differences between the native and non‐native conifers. Beech‐conifer mixtures consistently hosted intermediate arthropod diversity and community composition compared to the respective monospecific stands. Moreover, arthropod diversity had a positive relationship with the number of canopy microhabitats. Our study shows that considering arthropod taxa of multiple functional groups reveals the multifaceted impact of non‐native tree species on forest canopy arthropod communities. Contrasting to previous studies that primarily focused on the forest floor, we found that native beech hosts a rich diversity of arthropods, compared to lower diversity and distinct communities in economically attractive, and especially in non‐native, conifers with few canopy microhabitats. Broadleaf‐conifer mixtures did not perform better than native beech stands, but mitigated negative effects of conifers—making such mixtures a compromise to foster both forest‐associated diversity and economic yield.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

show abstract

Contrasting responses of habitat conditions and insect biodiversity to pest- or climate-induced dieback in coniferous mountain forests

Cited by 19 publications

References 57 publications

Climate-induced forest dieback drives compositional change in insect communities that is concentrated amongst rare species

Climate-induced forest dieback drives compositional change in insect communities that is concentrated amongst rare species

Climate Change Alters Temperate Forest Canopies and Indirectly Reshapes Arthropod Communities

Metabarcoding reveals that mixed forests mitigate negative effects of non‐native trees on canopy arthropod diversity

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