Contrasting Mechanisms of Recovery from Defoliation in Two Intermountain-Native Bunchgrasses

Mukherjee, Jayanti Ray; Jones, Thomas A.; Adler, Peter B.; Monaco, Thomas A.

doi:10.1016/j.rama.2015.07.011

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Thus, R. pseudoacacia could be more likely to quickly recover following defoliation by insects, making it more suitable for vegetation restoration. Previous studies also found that different species had different recovery mechanisms (Mukherjee et al 2015), and R. pseudoacacia recovered through more compensatory physiological mechanisms in our study. Our results indicated that these compensatory mechanisms include (1) modification of leaf traits, such as increased chlorophyll concentration; (2) increasing photosynthetic rates in the remaining leaves; and…”

Section: Different Recovery Strategies Of a Fruticosa And R Pseudoacacia Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 75%

Effects of defoliation modalities on plant growth, leaf traits, and carbohydrate allocation in Amorpha fruticosa L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Defoliation modality significantly affected leaf traits and carbon allocation especially in the early recovery period of two Leguminosae woody species. Robinia pseudoacacia L. recovered more quickly following defoliation than Amorpha fruticosa L. & Context Defoliation resulting from anthropogenic disturbance, insects, and grazing animals affects plant growth and vegetation dynamics. Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Amorpha fruticosa L. with different susceptibility to biotic attack are commonly used for vegetation restoration in North China. However, plant responses to defoliation were not fully understood in the two Leguminosae woody species. & Aims We selected R. pseudoacacia and A. fruticosa to determine the effects of defoliation on individual plant growth, leaf traits, and carbohydrate allocation and compared the two species in terms of recovery strategies following defoliation for vegetation restoration. & Methods In a greenhouse experiment, A. fruticosa and R. pseudoacacia seedlings were subjected to three defoliation treatments: defoliation of the top down (TD) or bottom up (BU) 50% of the crown, and a control without defoliation (CK). The physiological and growth traits of seedlings were determined at 1, 3, 14, 30, and 60 days following defoliation.

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Section: Different Recovery Strategies Of a Fruticosa And R Pseudoacacia Seedlingssupporting

confidence: 75%

Effects of defoliation modalities on plant growth, leaf traits, and carbohydrate allocation in Amorpha fruticosa L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings

Wang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Annals of Forest Science

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“…This damage can be inhibited by removal of competitors [ 96 ], but it is accentuated by drought [ 97 ]. Following defoliation, both crested wheatgrass [ 98 ] and Snake River wheatgrass ( Elymus wawawaiensis J. Carlson & Barkworth) [ 87 , 99 ] display superior regrowth relative to BBWG. Poor regrowth in response to defoliation is unrelated to carbohydrate reserves, as reserves in BBWG crowns were highest during the late boot stage [ 100 ], the same time when susceptibility to defoliation is greatest.…”

Section: Bluebunch Wheatgrass: Plant Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, crested wheatgrass allocates more resources to shoots and curtails root growth following defoliation, while BBWG roots grow unabated without apparent benefit to the plant [ 89 ]. Regrowth biomass in BBWG was correlated with tiller number but not mass per tiller [ 87 ]. Mukherjee et al [ 103 ] reported that BBWG populations best able to compensate for defoliation were those with low undefoliated biomass, suggesting a trade-off between the above-ground productivity and defoliation tolerance.…”

Section: Bluebunch Wheatgrass: Plant Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Genomic Selection to Develop Performance-Based Restoration Plant Materials

Jones

Monaco

Larson

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Effective native plant materials are critical to restoring the structure and function of extensively modified ecosystems, such as the sagebrush steppe of North America’s Intermountain West. The reestablishment of native bunchgrasses, e.g., bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata [Pursh] À. Löve), is the first step for recovery from invasive species and frequent wildfire and towards greater ecosystem resiliency. Effective native plant material exhibits functional traits that confer ecological fitness, phenotypic plasticity that enables adaptation to the local environment, and genetic variation that facilitates rapid evolution to local conditions, i.e., local adaptation. Here we illustrate a multi-disciplinary approach based on genomic selection to develop plant materials that address environmental issues that constrain local populations in altered ecosystems. Based on DNA sequence, genomic selection allows rapid screening of large numbers of seedlings, even for traits expressed only in more mature plants. Plants are genotyped and phenotyped in a training population to develop a genome model for the desired phenotype. Populations with modified phenotypes can be used to identify plant syndromes and test basic hypotheses regarding relationships of traits to adaptation and to one another. The effectiveness of genomic selection in crop and livestock breeding suggests this approach has tremendous potential for improving restoration outcomes for species such as bluebunch wheatgrass.

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“…For example, the tall species of native grasses invest in structural biomass which improves their light capturing ability [18] and overall biomass productivity. Native perennial grasses with greater shoot biomass have been linked as a valuable trait to defoliation tolerance [19]. There is a direct correlation between the inflorescence axis of plants and seed mass [20], thus increasing the plant’s ability to survive and compete with invading species [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Adult Functional Traits of Local Populations and Cultivars of Sandberg Bluegrass and Bottlebrush Squirreltail Perennial Bunchgrasses

Solomon

2019

Plants

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Plant functional traits offer an understanding of the plant’s ability to cope with varying environmental impositions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the above and belowground adult morphological and chemical composition traits of local populations of Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Presl) and Bottlebrush squirreltail (Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey) collected in Nevada and their cultivated varieties. A total of six replications (one seedling each) from each population and cultivar of the two native perennial bunchgrasses were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. Each of the six seedlings from each sourced population was transplanted into individual tree pots (28 cm diameter × 61 cm height) containing 20.4 kg of air-dried Orr gravelly sandy loam soil in mid-November, 2015 and remained in the pots for the duration of the study (23 June, 2016). Traits evaluated were, plant height, leaf length, inflorescence length, shoot biomass, forage nutritive value, root morphological traits, and root carbon and nitrogen content. Traits means were considered different at P < 0.05. For Sandberg bluegrass, the cultivar ‘Mountain Home’ and the population from Panther Valley tended to have greater biomass than the population from Button Point but overall, the average of the two cultivars (10.8 g/plant) did not differ in shoot biomass relative to the local populations (7.6 g/plant). For squirreltail, plant height for the George St. Sonoma and Grass Valley populations (71.3 cm) was greater than the cultivars ‘Toe Jam Creek’ and ‘Vale’ (40.5 cm) but cultivars had greater biomass (12.6 g/plant) than the local populations (5.8 g/plant). Total root length and root diameter were not different among the Sanberg bluegrass and squirreltail populations. The results from traits expounded on in this study indicate the closeness of these populations for both species at their adult stage and provide insights for building a unified framework approach among the different agencies and restoration practitioners to aid in plant assemblages for restoration success in the Great Basin and beyond.

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Contrasting Mechanisms of Recovery from Defoliation in Two Intermountain-Native Bunchgrasses

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Effects of defoliation modalities on plant growth, leaf traits, and carbohydrate allocation in Amorpha fruticosa L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings

Effects of defoliation modalities on plant growth, leaf traits, and carbohydrate allocation in Amorpha fruticosa L. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. seedlings

Using Genomic Selection to Develop Performance-Based Restoration Plant Materials

Characterization of Adult Functional Traits of Local Populations and Cultivars of Sandberg Bluegrass and Bottlebrush Squirreltail Perennial Bunchgrasses

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