Contrasting Effects of Self‐Schema Priming on Lexical Decisions and Interpersonal Stroop Task Performance: Evidence for a Cognitive/Interactionist Model of Interpersonal Dependency

Abstract

Four experiments tested a key tenet of Bornstein's (1992, 1993) cognitive/interactionist (C/I) model of interpersonal dependency: that priming the helpless self-schema (HSS) alters processing of dependency-related information in dependent--but not nondependent--individuals. Experiments 1 and 2 assessed the effects of subliminal lexical priming and an emotional priming manipulation on lexical decision (LD) judgments for dependency-related words and control words. Experiments 3 and 4 assessed the effects of these same priming procedures on Interpersonal Stroop Task (IST) performance. As predicted, priming the HSS produced contrasting effects on different outcome measures, decreasing LD latencies, but increasing IST response times. Results are discussed in the context of the C/I model, and suggestions for future studies are offered.

Influence of the Relationship between Social Support and Independent- Construal of Self on Depression and Anxiety among Japanese Workers

“…As previous studies indicate [37,38], men reported milder depression and anxiety than women. It can be understood from the view point of social roles or social desirability [39,40]. High male occupancy rate of job market in Japan and social desirability formed by the male-dominated society both may have played a role in the gender differences seen in present study and this can be taken as one of the many characteristics of workplaces in Japan.…”

From Symptom to Process: How thePDMAlters Goals and Strategies in Psychological Assessment

“…Because the DSM-IV uses reasonably precise, jargon-free language to describe symptoms, reframing these symptoms in operational terms is not difficult. Bornstein (2003) provided detailed templates for designing observational PD symptom validation studies like that of Fowler et al (2005), and laboratory-based PD symptom validation experiments like that of Bornstein et al (2005).…”

“…Such studies include observational investigations where relevant outcome variables are assessed in naturalistic settings (e.g., emotional lability in borderline patients can be observed in a psychiatric unit; see Fowler, Brunnschweiler, Swales, & Brock, 2005), as well as laboratory-based studies where key processes are manipulated directly and the impact of these manipulations is assessed (e.g., abandonment fears might be subliminally primed to observe the impact of this priming on dependency-related behavior; see Bornstein et al, 2005). Because the DSM-IV uses reasonably precise, jargon-free language to describe symptoms, reframing these symptoms in operational terms is not difficult.…”

Self-schema priming and desire for test performance feedback: Further evaluation of a cognitive/interactionist model of interpersonal dependency

“…1 Recent studies suggest that dependency can be usefully conceptualized within the context of a cognitive/interactionist (C/I) model. Detailed descriptions of this framework are provided by Bornstein (1992Bornstein ( , 1993Bornstein ( , 1996, Bornstein, Ng, Gallagher, Kloss, and Regier (2005), and Bornstein, Riggs, Hill, and Calabrese (1996). Figure 1 shows the central elements of the C/I model, which contends that dependencyrelated motivations, behaviors, and emotional responses result from activation of a schema of the self as weak and ineffectual.…”